城市体检的理论思考与实践探索*

Theoretical Research and Practical Explorations of City Examination

杨 婕
北京大学城市与环境学院 博士研究生

柴彦威(通信作者)
柴彦威(通信作者)

摘要: 在中国快速城镇化和城市病突出的背景下,城市体检成为辅助城市治理与决策的必要手段。首先论述城市体检的基本 思路、理论框架、技术路线和数据基础等基本理论性问题,指出城市体检应当结合城市多源数据和时空行为数据,综合 评估城市人口系统、城市建成环境系统、城市运行系统和城市活动—移动系统等4大系统。其次以上海城市体征诊断和 北京东城区网格诊断与预警系统等两个先行实践探索为例,具体说明城市体检工作的流程和特点。最后对未来的城市 体检工作进行多角度展望,提出建设融入时空间行为、细分时空尺度、多源数据驱动的智能化城市体检系统将成为城市 治理体系完善和城市高质量发展的有力保障。

Abstract: In the context of China's rapid urbanization and prominent urban diseases, the city examination, which refers to urban operation monitoring and urban problem diagnosis, is fundamental for refined urban governance. This paper expounds on the basic ideas, theoretical framework, technical route and data basis of city examination. The paper points out that the city examination should combine multi-source data and spatiotemporal data, and comprehensively analyze the urban activity-travel system, urban population system, urban operation system, and urban environmental system. Then, we take Shanghai and Dongcheng District of Beijing as examples to introduce the existing city examination practice in China. Finally, this paper proposes the future development directions of the city examination, including more fine-grained spatial and temporal scales, more human-oriented indicators, and more dynamic and smart systems.

关键词:城市体检;理论框架;实践探索;城市治理;时空间行为

Keyword: city examination; theoretical framework; practical exploration; urban governance; spatiotemporal behavior

中图分类号:TU984

文献标识码: A

资金资助

国家自然科学基金项目 “中国城市社区生活圈的新时间地理学研究” 42071203

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