政策评估视角下城市体检概念辨析与再认识*
Discrimination and Recognition of the Concept of City Examination Based on a Perspective of Policy Evaluation
李 栋
清华大学城市治理与可持续发展研究院 清华大学中国新型城镇化研究院 副研究员，博士
摘要: 随着“城市病”在中文语境中被广泛接纳，近年来“城市体检”相关工作也逐渐被各级政府所采用，并作为改善城市问
题、提升城市品质的重要手段之一加以推广。但实践中城市体检也暴露出概念理解不一、定义不清等不足，影响了体检结果
的可信度，削弱了对后续政策和规划的指导效果。从厘清城市体检内涵入手，通过对比相关概念，梳理城市体检的起源与演
变，明确政策评估是其基本属性、标准化检验是其可靠性支撑，并进一步探讨了城市体检自身发展所面临的关键问题，为今
后不断提升城市体检工作的科学性与实用性，促进形成城市发展领域的政策闭环模式奠定理论基础。
Abstract: With the widespread acceptance of "urban disease" in the Chinese context, "city examination" has gradually been adopted by
central and local governments in recent years, and has been promoted as one of the important means to control urban issues and
improve the quality of development. However, in practice, city examination are exposing problems such as different conceptual
understanding and unclear definitions, which affects the credibility of their results and lays hidden dangers for guiding followup
policies and planning. Through the comparison research of similar concepts, this paper sorts out the origin and development
of city examination, clarifies policy evaluation as to its basic attribute and standardized testing and inspecting as its fundamental
support, further explores the key issues on development of city examination. This paper differentiates the core connotation of
city examination, and lays a theoretical foundation for improving its scientific and practical natures in the future, promoting the
formation of a closed-loop of urban development policies.
关键词：城市体检；政策评估；国土空间规划；大数据；循证医学
Keyword: city examination; policy evaluation; territory spatial planning; big data; evidence-based medicine
中图分类号：TU981
文献标识码: A
资金资助
国家重点研发计划资助 “城市多规数据 融合与动态认知平台关键技术研究与示范”项目之 “城市空间规划理论体系与智能管控技术框架”课 题 2018YFB2100701
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