城镇化2.0时代的中国新城规划建设转型*
Transition of China's New Town Development in the Context of Urbanization 2.0
张京祥
南京大学建筑与城市规划学院 教授，博士生导师
黄龙颜
南京大学建筑与城市规划学院 硕士研究生
摘要: 新城理论与实践起源于西方国家，在中国特定的发展环境下成为一种特有的增长模式，支撑了中国高速城镇化时期的“增长奇迹”。从城镇化1.0时代进入城镇化2.0时代，新形势与新挑战使1.0时代的增长模式难以为继，2.0时代的新城规划建设需要重大转型。发展动力、发展目标与发展方式的巨大变化，注定了研究2.0时代新城的必要性。采用城镇化两阶段模型的分析框架，梳理中国新城规划建设的演进历程，并解读了1.0时代新城与2.0时代新城的内涵与机制；在此基础上，提炼出新城转型发展的几个核心导向；最后，尝试从建设条件、选址依据、体制机制、发展理念、时空顺序、财务平衡等方面提出新城规划建设的策略，以期为2.0时代的新城规划建设转型提供理论支持。
Abstract: New town's theory and practice originated in western countries. The new town is also a unique growth method in China, supporting the "growth story" in the period of high-speed urbanization. However, the new setting and emerging challenges make the growth method unsustainable when urbanization 1.0 transits toward 2.0, and the new town's planning and building urgently need a transition. Given the changes in development power, development goal, and development method, it is necessary to study the new town 2.0. Firstly, this paper employs a "two-phase model" while unraveling the evolution process of China's new town and interpreting the connotation and mechanism of new town 1.0 and new town 2.0 respectively. Secondly, several core orientations of the new town's transformation are refined. Finally, this paper tries to put forward some key strategies for new town 2.0 from the perspectives of condition, policy, and concept, with the hope of providing a theoretical basis for the transition of new towns in China.
关键词：城镇化2.0；发展转型；新城；规划建设；中国
Keyword: urbanization 2.0 era; development transition; new town; planning & construction; China
中图分类号：TU981
文献标识码: A
资金资助
国家自然科学基金项目 “城市创新空间的生成机制与空间供给研究——基于长三角地区的实证” 52078245
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