基于多源数据的社区生活圈服务设施与人口匹配关系研究*——以宁波市中心城区为例
Research on the Matching Relationship between Service Facilities and Populations in Community Living Circle Based on Multi-source Data: A Case Study of Ningbo Downtown
仲 亮
江苏省城镇化和城乡规划研究中心 助理建筑师，硕士
徐磊青（通信作者）
同济大学建筑与城市规划学院 教授，博士生导师
摘要: 在以人为本的城镇化背景下，社区生活圈规划强调立足居民视角，完善基础设施和公共空间配置水平。基于兴趣点POI、开源地图OSM、腾讯宜出行等多源数据，从供需关系视角出发，分析浙江省宁波市中心城区居住区生活圈内商业、教育、文体、医疗、交通、养老等6类设施与现状人口匹配程度。研究发现，生活圈内服务设施总数与人口活动强度呈现明显正相关，其中商业设施与人口相关系数最强，医疗、养老设施与人口相关系数较弱。根据供需关系建立生活圈设施人口匹配模型，发现当前大部分生活圈内设施与人口基本匹配，但存在部分供需错配的居住区生活圈。最后分析设施超配和失配的生活圈位置分布与潜在原因，提出生活圈视角下服务设施配置策略。
Abstract: In the context of people-oriented urbanization, community living circle planning emphasizes improving the infrastructure and public space allocation based on residents' perspectives. According to multi-source data such as POI, OSM and TUD data, the paper analyzes the matching degree of six types of facilities and populations in the living circles of Ningbo Downtown, including business, education, culture and sports, medical treatment, transportation, and elderly care facilities. It is found that there is a significant positive correlation between the total number of service facilities and the intensity of population activities in the living circles. According to the relationship between supply and demand, the paper establishes the model of facility population matching in the living circle. It is found that most of the living circle facilities match the population, but there are some living circles in which supply and demand are mismatched. The paper further analyzes the specific locations and potential causes of facilities of matching and mismatching living circles, and puts forward service facilities allocation strategies from the perspective of the living circle.
关键词：多源数据；生活圈；服务设施；人口；供需匹配
Keyword: multi-source data; living circle; service facilities; population; matching relationship of supply and demand
中图分类号：TU984
文献标识码: A
资金资助
国家自然科学基金项目 “基于公共性的公共空间布局效能与关键指标研究：以中心商业区地块为例” 51778422
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