街道流动摊贩的管理经验与启示* ——以纽约市为例
Management Experience and Enlightenment of Street Vending: A Case Study of New York City
贾正哲
美国门罗大学计算机专业 硕士
杨 辰（通信作者）
同济大学建筑与城市规划学院 上海市城市更新及空间优化技术重点实验室 副教授，博士生导师
摘要: 流动摊贩是常见的城市现象，也是城市管理的难点，特别是在人口众多、流动性强的超特大城市。越来越多的城市意识到，与其禁止和驱赶流动摊贩，不如将其纳入城市常态化管理，使之成为改进民生、培育活力和创造城市景观的手段。作为国际化大都市的纽约有着悠久的街头贩卖历史，这里的流动摊贩人员复杂、分布广泛。如何在完善管理法规的同时给予摊贩一定的生存空间，协调相关者利益，实现多方共赢是纽约流动摊贩管理的要义。从发展历史、经营类型与分布、管理办法、介入群体4个方面梳理纽约对流动摊贩的管理经验，并总结这一经验对当前我国超特大城市平衡精细化管理与非正规经济发展的借鉴与启发。
Abstract: Street vending is a common urban phenomenon and a difficulty in urban management, especially in megacities with large populations and mass migrations. More and more cities have realized that instead of banning and driving away street vendors, it would be better to include them in the city's normal management, using them as a way to improve people's livelihood, cultivate vitality and create urban landscapes. As an international metropolis, New York City has a long history of street vending, where vendors have different backgrounds and are widely distributed. The essence of the management of street vending in New York City is to improve the legal system while respecting vendors' right to make a living, coordinating stakeholders, and achieving a win-win situation. This article combs New York City's management experience of street vending from four aspects: the development history, business types and distribution, management methods, and intervention groups. It summarizes the lessons and inspirations of this experience for balancing the refined management and informal economy development in China's megacities.
关键词：街道；流动摊贩；管理经验；纽约
Keyword: street; street vending; management experience; New York City
中图分类号：TU984
文献标识码: A
资金资助
国家自然科学基金面上项目 “我国乡村人居空间的差异性特征和形成机理研究” 51878454
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