雅加达： 一个亚洲大都市的曲折发展之路
JAKARTA: A Resilient Asian Cosmopolitan City
Johannes WIDODO
新加坡国立大学设计与环境学院建筑系 副教授
摘要: 雅加达从12世纪的巽他卡拉巴发展到16世纪的嘉雅卡塔，之后经历了300多年的荷兰殖民时期以及短暂的英国和日本的统治，1945年起进入当代城市发展历程。当代发展分为3个阶段——1945—1967年苏加诺领导下的国家建立时期，1967—2008年苏哈托领导下的经济发展时期，以及当今的“改革”时期。雅加达正在经历快速发展，尤其是当今的雅加达新城市政府执政后，这座城市正致力于建设一个更加美好的亚洲大都市。
Abstract: The article introduces the physical morphogenesis of Jakarta and its complex problems it suffers today. The evolution of the city will be traced chronologically since its formation as a 12th century entrepot of Sunda Kelapa to 16th century Jayakata emporium, then the long period of colonial city under VOC, Dutch, brief British and Japanese administrations, and post-colonial Jakarta (from 1945 onward). Jakarta has been developed rapidly from the Soekarno’s nation building period up to 1967, and the Soeharto’s economic development period (until 2008), and the current on-going “Reformation” era. Jakarta is undergoing a rapid development towards a better mega city, especially after the election of new governor in 2012, which has been bringing new hope of cleaner, environmentally sensible, and popularly supported city government, which is unprecedented in the history of Jakarta.
关键词：殖民城市、近代城市、大都会城市、城市形态、现代化进程
Keyword: Colonial city, Modern city, Cosmopolitan city, Urban morphology, Modernization process
中图分类号：TU981
文献标识码: B
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