超特大城市公共服务设施的特征与规划应对* ——以上海市为例
Characteristics and Planning Response of Public Service Facilities in Megacity of China: A Case Study of Shanghai
刘 晟
同济大学建筑与城市规划学院 博士研究生 上海市规划和自然资源局 政策研究与科技发展处 副处长
黄建中（通信作者）
同济大学建筑与城市规划学院，自然资源部国土 空间智能规划技术重点实验室 教授，博士生导师
摘要: 超特大城市在功能定位、人口结构、用地和空间上的特殊性，决定了其公共服务设施的需求特征及规划实施的复杂性，从国家使命、人口构成、资源要素和空间特征4个方面，分析超特大城市公共服务设施需求的特殊性。以上海为例，解析其公共服务设施规划在认知导向、目标传导和空间协同等方面存在的主要问题，进而提出超特大城市公共服务设施应当作为支撑城市多维度发展、提升城市核心功能的载体，形成分阶段落实规划目标、动态满足市民需求的机制，成为各部门和各主体协同治理、凝聚合力的平台。最后从规划指标、规划层级、用途管控和空间统筹等需要重点关注的方面，阐述相应的规划编制和实施策略。
Abstract: The particularity of megacities in function orientation, population structure, land use and space determines the demand
characteristics of their public service facilities and the complexity of planning and implementation. From four aspects of
national mission, population composition, resource and spatial characteristics, the particularity of the demand for public service
facilities in megacities is analyzed. Taking Shanghai as an example, this paper analyzes the main problems of its public service
facility planning in terms of cognitive orientation, goal transmission and spatial coordination. Furthermore, it is proposed that
the public service facilities in megacities should be the carrier to support the multi-dimensional development of cities and enhance the core functions of cities, form a mechanism to implement the planning objectives in stages and dynamically meet the needs of citizens, and become a platform for all departments and all subjects to coordinate governance and gather joint forces. Finally, the corresponding planning formulation and implementation strategies are elaborated from four aspects that need to be focused on, including planning indicators, planning levels, use management and control, and spatial planning.
关键词：超特大城市；公共服务设施；需求特征；上海2035；规划目标；实施策略
Keyword: megacities; public service facilities; demand characteristics; Shanghai 2035; planning objectives; implementation strategies
中图分类号：TU984
文献标识码: A
资金资助
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