城市设计步行系统的网络连通性推演评估* ——以北京长安街公共空间整体城市设计方案为例
A Network Connectivity Evaluation of Pedestrian System in Urban Design: A Case Study of Urban Public Space Design in Beijing Chang'an Street
师浩辰
华南理工大学建筑学院 亚热带建筑科学国家重点实验室 博士研究生
周可斌
华南理工大学建筑学院 博士研究生 华南理工大学建筑设计院有限公司 城市规划高级工程师
赖彦君
华南理工大学建筑学院 硕士研究生
赵渺希（通信作者）
华南理工大学建筑学院 亚热带建筑科学国家重点实验室 副系主任，教授，博士生导师
摘要: 在健康城市理念的影响下，慢行系统，尤其是步行系统逐渐成为许多城市规划和设计中不可或缺的重要部分。路径网络连通性作为步行系统的核心，其好坏直接决定了步行体验感与出行率。然而，当下在设计阶段对步行路径连通性的量化模拟推演评估方式较为片面，有待深入探索。以北京市长安街城市设计为例，通过复杂网络理论构建现状和规划步行网络模型，从连接的拓扑结构和空间尺度两个方面判断方案是否达到提升步行路径连通性这一设计目标。研究表明，相比现状步行网络，设计方案的多数评估指标有超2%的明显优化。此外，研究通过3个重点路段的比较分析，明确了不同设计目标和不同提升结果之间的逻辑对应关系和内在动力机制，并展望了复杂网络理论在设计阶段评估推演方案的可能性。
Abstract: Under the impact of "Healthy City" concept, the slow traffic system, especially the pedestrian system has been gradually regarded as an essential part of urban planning and urban design. As the core of the pedestrian system, the quality of walkable path connectivity directly determines the feeling of walking experience and travel rate. Nevertheless, in the designing stage, quantitative simulation of walking path connectivity is to some extent one-sided and such issue remains a hard nut to crack. Thus, taking an urban design in Chang'an Street as an example, the paper constructs current and designed pedestrian network models through complex network theory, aiming at judging whether the scheme can achieve the goal of improving walking path connectivity from the perspectives of both topological structure and spatial scale. The results show that most evaluation indices of the designing scheme are optimized by more than 2% compared with current pedestrian networks. Furthermore, through the comparative analysis of three key street sections, the paper explores the relationship and internal dynamic mechanism between different design strategies and promotion consequences. Finally, the paper points out the prospect of linear path deduction evaluation in the design stage under complex network theory.
关键词：步行路径系统；连通性；复杂网络；城市设计；实施前评估
Keyword: pedestrian path network; connectivity; complex network; urban design; ex-ante evaluation
中图分类号：TU984
文献标识码: A
资金资助
广东省科技计划 基于大数据的城市商业游憩区（RBD）规划勘察技术集成应用 2016A040403041
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