基于职住分离的超大特大城市交通拥堵碳排放机理研究——以天津市“郊住城职”现象为例
The Carbon Emission Mechanism of Traffic Congestion in Mega Cities Caused by Job-housing Imbalance: A Case Study of Commuting Behavior from Suburban Housing to Urban Workplaces in Tianjin
王 睿
天津大学建筑学院 副研究员
柯 嘉
新加坡国立大学设计与工程学院 硕士研究生
张 赫
天津大学建筑学院 教授，博士生导师
摘要: 以天津市为例，采用早晚高峰OD数据、百度地图实时拥堵数据及POI数据等多元数据，运用核密度分析方法提取天津市早晚高峰时段“郊住城职”典型通勤行为线路，分析职住分离、道路拥堵对碳排放的影响机理。研究发现，职住分离下的通勤路线主要集中于城郊“住”空间与6—8 km外的中心城区“职”空间之间。职住空间各自高聚集且在一定距离下相对分离会造成通勤路线重叠短时集聚，从而产生拥堵碳排放，但早晚高峰拥堵碳排放特征及形成机制有所差异。“郊住”周边土地功能、交通组织和公共交通设施在早晚高峰对拥堵碳排放产生差异化影响，如果增加道路网密度及公共交通站点可达性，那么无论早晚通勤均可有效降低拥堵碳排放。以期为大城市功能疏解和交通改善提供决策参考。
Abstract: Using multiple data such as OD data, Baidu Map real-time congestion data and POI data, typical commuting behavior routes from suburban housing to urban workplaces in Tianjin during morning and evening peak hours are proposed with kernel density analysis method. Furthermore, regression analysis is used to analyze the characteristics and influencing factors of total carbon emissions from congestion. The research results show that the typical commute routes are mainly concentrated between large residential areas in the suburbs and the workplaces in the adjacent central urban area. There are differences in the characteristics and formation mechanisms of carbon emissions from morning and evening peak congestion. Land use, transportation organization, and public transportation facilities around suburban residential spaces have a differentiated impact on congestion carbon emissions during morning and evening peak hours. Increasing the density of the road network and reducing the distance between public transportation stations can effectively reduce the carbon emissions caused by congestion.
关键词：交通碳排放；交通拥堵；超大特大城市；职住分离
Keyword: traffic carbon emissions; traffic congestion; mega cities; job-housing imbalance
中图分类号：TU984
文献标识码: A
资金资助
国家自然科学基金 基于碳排放强度约束的城市建成区典型功能组团空间布局优化方法 52208073
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