小微企业的时空演化及其选址影响因素研究 ——以上海市浦东新区为例
Space-Time Evolution and Location Selection Influencing Factors of Micro and Small Enterprises: A Case Study of Pudong New Area, Shanghai
祝美琪
江苏省城市规划设计研究院 规划师，硕士
翟国方（通信作者）
南京大学建筑与城市规划学院 教授，博士生导师 guofang_zhai@nju.edu.cn
彭 芃
苏州市吴江区自然资源和规划局 副局长，高级工程师，硕士
摘要: 小微企业是国民经济中不可或缺的力量，如何从空间视角支持促进我国小微企业集群发展和持续成长，对于我国经济 稳中有进发展具有重要意义。以上海市浦东新区小微企业为研究对象，从规模与空间两个方面描述小微企业的演化特 征，并构建小微企业空间选址模型，通过多尺度地理加权回归方法进行检验，论证各因子对于浦东新区内小微企业的选 址是否存在影响。研究发现：浦东新区小微企业空间分布受集聚效应与公共服务正向影响明显，企业集聚与商业环境是 影响小微企业的重要因素，创新投入与用地成本存在较高积极影响，创新产出、交通区位、公共服务水平与医疗保健服 务设施次之。此外小微企业选址在发展较为成熟的片区受创新环境与企业集聚的正向影响更加明显，在发展处于初期 阶段的片区则更偏好低廉的用地成本，在靠近主城区的片区对餐饮和文化服务设施存在偏好，在城市外部圈层则对地 铁站、金融服务设施、商业服务设施和产业园区更加敏感。
Abstract: Micro and small enterprises (MSEs) are indispensable forces in the national economy. Supporting the development and sustained growth of small and micro-enterprise clusters from a spatial perspective is of great significance for the stable and progressive development of China's economy. This article takes MSEs in the Pudong New Area as the research subject. It describes the evolutionary characteristics of MSEs from the perspectives of scale and space, and constructs a spatial location model for MSEs. Through a multi-scale geographic weighted regression method, the article examines whether various factors have an impact on the location selection of MSEs within the new area. The research reveals that the spatial distribution of MSEs in the Pudong New Area is significantly influenced by agglomeration effects and positive impacts from public services. Enterprise agglomeration and the business environment are important factors affecting MSEs. Innovation input and land costs have relatively high positive impacts, followed by innovation output, transportation location, public service level, and healthcare service facilities. In addition, the location selection of MSEs is more influenced by the positive effects of the innovation environment and enterprise agglomeration in developed areas. In areas in the initial stages of development, there is a preference for lower land costs. Areas near the main urban area show a preference for catering and cultural service facilities, while the outer circles of the city are more sensitive to subway stations, financial service facilities, business service facilities, and industrial parks.
关键词：小微企业；时空演化；影响因素分析；多尺度地理加权回归
Keyword: micro and small enterprises (MSEs); spatiotemporal evolution; analysis of influencing factors; multiscale geographically weighted regression
中图分类号：TU984
文献标识码: A
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