不同群体轨道交通出行时空演化特征及与建成环 境的关系：基于武汉市的纵向分析*
Spatiotemporal Evolution Characteristics of Rail Transit Travel across Different Population Groups and Their Relationship with the Built Environment: A Longitudinal Analysis of Wuhan City
杨 红
武汉大学测绘遥感信息工程国家重点实验室 博士后，博士
李晶晶
武汉市江夏区自然资源和城乡建设局 科员，硕士
严雪心
武汉大学测绘遥感信息工程国家重点实验室 博士后，博士
彭建东（通信作者）
武汉大学城市设计学院 教授，博士生导师，00006709@whu.edu.cn
摘要: 建设包容性的公共交通系统是交通强国战略的重要目标。然而，已有研究尚未充分揭示不同群体的公共交通出行需求及其 与建成环境关系的差异。为此，以武汉市为例，通过轨道交通刷卡数据识别老年人、残疾人、通勤人员、中小学生及其他人群 出行时空演化特征，并使用非平衡面板模型揭示建成环境对不同群体轨道交通出行的影响差异。结果显示，随着轨道交通 网络的完善，老年人与残疾人出行频率增长显著，通勤人员与其他群体相对稳定，中小学生则略微下降。其次，建成环境对 轨道交通客流的影响存在明显的群体异质性，其对同一群体轨道交通客流的影响在工作日与周末还存在一定的时间异质 性。因此，需要制定差异化设施建设、精准化服务供给及包容性政策引导的“需求响应型”优化策略，才能有效助力包容性 公共交通系统建设。
Abstract: Building an inclusive public transportation system is a crucial objective of the national strategy to develop a strong transportation network. However, existing research has not yet fully revealed the differences in public transit demands among various groups and their relationships with the built environment. To address this gap, this study takes Wuhan as a case example, using metro smart card data to identify the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of travel patterns among the elderly, disabled individuals, commuters, primary and secondary school students, and other groups. An unbalanced panel model is then employed to analyze the heterogeneous impacts of the built environment on metro travel demand across these groups. The results show that as the metro network expanded, travel frequency increased significantly among the elderly and disabled populations, remained relatively stable for commuters and other groups, and slightly declined for students. Furthermore, the influence of the built environment on metro ridership exhibited notable group heterogeneity, with additional temporal variations between weekdays and weekends for the same group. Therefore, to effectively promote inclusive public transportation development, it is essential to adopt demandresponsive optimization strategies, including differentiated infrastructure planning, targeted service provisions, and inclusive policy guidance.
关键词：城市轨道交通；不同人群；出行特征；建成环境
Keyword: metro; different population groups; travel characteristics; built environment
中图分类号：TU984
文献标识码: A
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