上海乡村地区古桥的整体状况与保护对策 ——基于“沪派江南•古桥溯源”调研
Overall Status and Protection Countermeasures of Ancient Bridges in Rural Shanghai: Based on the Research on Tracing Shanghai-style Jiangnan Ancient Bridges' Origins
顾守柏
上海市规划和自然资源局 乡村规划处处长，硕士
王冰茹
上海市规划和自然资源局 乡村规划处副处长，硕士
曹 晟
上海同济城市规划设计研究院有限公司 工程师，硕士
刘玉超
上海同济城市规划设计研究院有限公司 工程师
王树春
上海同济城市规划设计研究院有限公司 工程师，硕士
栾 峰（通信作者）
同济大学建筑与城市规划学院 教授，博士生导师，460220710@qq.com
摘要: 基于“沪派江南•古桥溯源”调研，采用实地踏勘与文献梳理相结合的方式，对上海乡村地区552座古桥进行系统性分 析。首先，从整体分布、结构材质、建造技艺与装饰细节、历史环境及演化等多维度，系统厘清了古桥的基本特征。其次， 重点识别出当前古桥保护面临的核心挑战，包括数量锐减与记录缺失、日常维护不足与自然损毁、环境变迁与功能衰 退，以及材料与技艺传承危机等关键问题。最后，基于上述分析，提出“建档—保护—科研—传播”四维保护策略，以 期为上海乡村地区古桥及其周边环境的整体保护发挥积极作用，同时为夯实“沪派江南”文化内涵提供助力。
Abstract: Based on the research initiative "Shanghai-Style Jiangnan: Tracing the Origins of Ancient Bridges", this study adopts a combined approach of field surveys and literature review to conduct a systematic analysis of 552 ancient bridges in rural Shanghai. First, the fundamental characteristics of these bridges are clarified across multiple dimensions, including overall distribution, structural materials, construction techniques, decorative details, historical context, and evolutionary changes. Then, key challenges in the preservation of ancient bridges are identified, such as rapid decline in numbers and gaps in documentation, lack of routine maintenance and natural deterioration, environmental changes and functional decline, as well as crises in material and craftsmanship inheritance. Finally, building on this analysis, the study proposes a fourdimensional preservation strategy of "Documentation–Protection–Research–Dissemination", aiming to contribute to the holistic conservation of ancient bridges and their surrounding environments in rural Shanghai, while also helping to enrich the cultural connotations of "Shanghai-style Jiangnan".
关键词：乡村古桥；保护对策；“沪派江南” ；上海
Keyword: ancient rural bridges; protection countermeasures; Shanghai-style Jiangnan; Shanghai
中图分类号：TU984
文献标识码: A
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