公共空间紧缺条件下的儿童友好空间建设创新路径 ——基于《深圳市城中村儿童友好空间建设导则》编制经验
Innovation Path in the Construction of Child-Friendly Spaces under the Condition of Scarce Public Space: Experience Based on Guidelines for the Construction of Child-Friendly Spaces in Urban Villages of Shenzhen
任泳东
深圳市城市规划设计研究院有限公司 高级工程师，硕士，939811288@qq.com
吴佳娜
深圳市城市规划设计研究院有限公司 工程师
刘 磊
深圳市城市规划设计研究院有限公司 教授级工程师，硕士
摘要: 在我国大力推进老旧小区改造与儿童友好城市建设的双重背景下，儿童活动空间极度短缺、设施配置失衡的高密度城 区改造成为全国性难题。深圳作为典型的超大城市，41%的儿童①集中居住在建筑容积率超4.0、公共空间匮乏的城中村， 亟需破解空间紧缺与儿童需求之间的矛盾冲突。基于《深圳市城中村儿童友好空间建设导则》的实践，针对无空间的 城中村改造困境展开“空间维度+服务维度+治理维度”的三维适儿化改造探索，提炼导则的“菜单化工具包”编制方 法，并以石厦村等多个案例验证成效。这类老旧小区可借鉴“立体挖潜+弹性标准”策略，结合自身实际特点进行调整， 以推动空间更新与儿童发展的深度融合。深圳经验实现了高人口密度城区儿童空间供给的传统规划思维范式突破，对 完善儿童友好城市理论、指导具备同类特征的老旧小区更新具有重要的实践意义。
Abstract: Under the background of China's vigorous transformation of old neighborhoods and the construction of child-friendly cities, the shortage of space for children's activities in high-density urban areas and the imbalance in the allocation of facilities have become a national problem. Shenzhen is a typical megacity in China, and 41% of children aged 0-14 live in Shenzhen's urban villages with a building plot ratio of over 4.0 and a lack of public space, which makes Shenzhen an ideal testing ground for solving the contradiction of "space shortage and children's needs". Based on the practice of Guidelines for the Construction of Child-Friendly Spaces in Urban Villages of Shenzhen, this paper explores the three-dimensional child-friendly transformation of "space dimension + service dimension + governance dimension" in response to the predicament of "no space". By refining the "menuized toolkit" compilation method of the guideline and verifying its effectiveness with a number of cases. The old neighborhoods can draw on the "three-dimensional excavation + flexible standards" strategy to promote the in-depth integration of spatial renewal and children's development. The Shenzhen experience has realized a breakthrough in the traditional planning paradigm for the provision of children's space in high-density urban areas, and is of great practical significance in improving the theory of child-friendly cities and guiding the renewal of old neighborhoods.
关键词：儿童友好城市；儿童友好空间；城中村改造；高密度城区；立体复合利用；老旧小区更新
Keyword: child-friendly city; child-friendly space; urban village renovation; high-density urban area; dimensional complex utilization; older neighborhoods renewal
中图分类号：TU984
文献标识码: A
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