学龄前儿童成长助益性户外游乐设施设计研究
Research on the Design of Outdoor Play Facilities to Promote Preschool Children's Development
杨 芳
马来西亚玛拉工艺大学（UiTM）创意艺术学院 博士研究生 盐城师范学院美术与设计学院 讲师
王忠林（通信作者）
盐城师范学院美术与设计学院 教授，chufengg@163.com
Issarezal Ismail
马来西亚玛拉工艺大学（UiTM）创意艺术学院 副教授，博士生导师
肖辉娅
重庆第二师范学院美术学院 讲师
摘要: 为满足学龄前儿童、家长和游乐场管理者对户外游乐设施的设计要求，提出基于用户需求驱动的Kano-AHP-QFD综合 设计方法，并通过对相关游乐设施的设计实现儿童在游乐过程中身心、情感和社交等多方面的综合发展。首先分析儿 童游乐设施的研究需求和现状；其次，收集儿童游乐设施需求要素并进行问卷分析，得到用户需求要素类别；再次，基 于Kano方法分析结果，运用层次分析法得到儿童游乐设施需求的重要性排序；利用质量功能展开理论将设计需求转化 为产品特性，基于提出的设计方法，构建包含自由活动区和非自由活动区的儿童游乐场所。最后，采用7点量表进行调 查问卷，发现利用综合方法构建的设计方案可以满足用户对儿童游乐设施的属性需求。以期为学龄前儿童户外游乐设 施设计提供理念和方法借鉴。
Abstract: To meet the design requirements of outdoor play facilities for preschool children, parents, and playground managers, this study proposes an integrated user-demand-driven Kano-AHP-QFD design methodology. The aim is to develop relevant play facilities that promote children's holistic development—physically, emotionally, and socially—through play activities. The research begins with an analysis of the current status and demands of children's play facilities. Subsequently, user requirement elements are collected and analyzed through a structured questionnaire, enabling the classification of user needs. Based on the Kano analysis, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is employed to determine the importance ranking of the identified requirements. Finally, the Quality Function Deployment (QFD) method is used to translate design requirements into product characteristics. Utilizing this integrated design methodology, a children's playground is developed comprising both free-play and non-free-play zones. A survey conducted using a 7-point Likert scale reveals that the design solutions developed through this comprehensive method effectively satisfy user demands concerning the attributes of children's play facilities. This study offers new insights and methodological approaches for the design of outdoor play facilities for preschool-aged children.
关键词：需求驱动；学龄前儿童；Kano-AHP-QFD设计方法；户外游乐设施
Keyword: demand-driven; preschoolers; Kano-AHP-QFD design methodology; outdoor play equipment
中图分类号：TU984
文献标识码: A
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