自然老化型城市老年人居家养老服务需求分析与 规划策略建议——以福州市中心城区为例

国家统计局，国务院第七次全国人口普查领导
小组办公室. 第七次全国人口普查公报（第
五号）——人口年龄构成情况[J]. 中国统计，
2021（5）：10-11.
National Bureau of Statistics, Office of the Leading 
Group for the Seventh National Population Census 
of the State Council. Communiqué of the Seventh 
National Population Census (No.5): age composition 
of the population[J]. China Statistics, 2021(5): 10-11.
Atkins M T, Tonts M. Exploring cities through a 
population ageing matrix: a spatial and temporal 
analysis of older adult population trends in Perth, 
Australia[J]. Australian Geographer, 2015, 47(1): 
65-87.
李日邦，王五一，谭见安，等. 我国人口老龄化
发展的阶段、趋势和区域差异[J]. 地理研究，
1999，18（2）：113-121.
Li Ribang, Wang Wuyi, Tan Jian’an, et al. The 
development stages and trend of population ageing 
and its regional differences in China[J]. Geographical Research, 1999, 18(2): 113-121.
杜鹏，王武林. 论人口老龄化程度城乡差异的转
变[J]. 人口研究，2010，34（2）：3-10.
Du Peng, Wang Wuhlin. The difference of urban 
and rural ageing and its transition[J]. Population 
Research, 2010, 34(2): 3-10.
McCarthy K F. The elderly population’s changing 
spatial distribution : patterns of change since 
1960[M]. Santa Monica: The RAND Corporation, 
1983.
刘鉴，杨青山，张郁，等. 东北三省县级尺度人口
老龄化空间格局演变及类型划分[J]. 地理科学，
2020，40（6）：918-927.
Liu Jian, Yang Qingshan, Zhang Yu, et al. Spatial 
patterns evolution and classification of population 
aging in the three provinces of Northeast China
based on the county scale[J]. Scientia Geographica 
Sinica, 2020, 40(6): 918-927.
喻冰洁，崔叙，杨田，等. 大城市人口老龄化的时
空演化特征与规划响应——以成都市为例[J]. 
规划师，2024，40（3）：43-52.
Yu Bingjie, Cui Xu, Yang Tian, et al. The spacetemporal evolution characteristics and planning 
response of population aging in large cities: taking 
Chengdu as an example[J]. Planners, 2024, 40(3): 
43-52.
徐州，林孝松，罗朝杨. 重庆市人口老龄化时空
演变及空间类型研究[J]. 北京师范大学学报（自
然科学版），2019，55（6）：772-779.
Xu Zhou, Lin Xiaosong, Luo Chaoyang. Temporal 
spatial evolution and classification of population 
aging in Chongqing[J]. Journal of Beijing Normal 
University, 2019, 55(6): 772-779.
武荣伟，张佳丽，周亮，等. 人口流动视角下中国
县市人口老龄化地域类型演化及影响因素[J]. 
地理科学进展，2025，44（6）：1213-1226.
Wu Rongwei, Zhang Jiali, Zhou Liang, et al. 
Population aging in Chinese counties: change of 
regional types and influencing factors from the 
population mobility perspective[J]. Progress in 
Geography, 2025, 44(6): 1213-1226.
王军力. 特大城市分圈层的人口老龄化时空演
变特征、模式及规划响应——以广州市为例[J]. 
城市建筑，2024，21（19）：105-109.
Wang Junli. The spatial and temporal evolution 
characteristics, patterns and planning responses of 
population aging in urban subdivisions: a case of 
Guangzhou[J]. Urbanism and Architecture, 2024, 
21(19): 105-109.
刘涛，张家瑞，曹广忠. 人口流动对区域老龄化
进程的影响：一个方法论探讨[J]. 地理研究，
2022，41（10）：2680-2696.
Liu Tao, Zhang Jiarui, Cao Guangzhong. The 
effect of internal migration on regional aging: a 
decomposition method[J]. Geographical Research, 
2022, 41(10): 2680-2696.
梁晓璇，梁博，刘晓瑞，等. 东北三省老年家庭
空巢化的时空特征及机制探究[J]. 地理科学，
2026，46（4）：889-901.
Liang Xiaoxuan, Liang Bo, Liu Xiaorui, et al. 
Spatio-temporal characteristics and evolution 
mechanisms of elderly empty-nest households in 
northeast China[J]. Geographical Science, 2026, 
46(4): 889-901.
徐蕊，安秀芳，郝卓亚，等. 农村高龄失能老人养
老服务需求现状及影响因素研究[J]. 中国卫生
事业管理，2025，42（2）：186-195.
Xu Rui, An Xiufang, Hao Zhuoya, et al. Study on 
the current status and influencing factors of elderly 
care service needs for rural disabled elderly[J]. 
The Chinese Health Service Management, 2025, 
42(2): 186-195.
左美云，杨艳敏. 基于不同年龄段老年群体动态
需求分析的智慧养老服务研究[J]. 四川大学学
报（哲学社会科学版），2025（3）：15-27.
Zuo Meiyun, Yang Yanmin. A study of smart 
senior care services: based on the dynamic needs 
of different age groups[J]. Journal of Sichuan 
University (Philosophy and Social Science Edition), 
2025(3): 15-27.
王梦雪，柴钰霖，付国琪，等. 不同养老模式下农
村老年人养老服务需求状况研究[J]. 现代预防
医学，2024，51（15）：2774-2779.
Wang Mengxue, Chai Yulin, Fu Guoqi, et al. Elderly 
care service demands under different care models in 
rural areas[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2024, 
51(15): 2774-2779.
王羽，赫宸，王晓朦. 不同居住模式下中老年人
对于居家智慧养老的需求调查研究[J]. 上海城
市规划，2024（3）：31-36.
Wang Yu, He Chen, Wang Xiaomeng. Investigation 
and study on the demand for smart home-based 
elderly care among middle-aged and older adults 
under different living arrangements[J]. Shanghai 
Urban Planning Review, 2024(3): 31-36.
高秀文，唐咏. 失能老人居家社区养老服务利用
类型及影响因素分析[J]. 中国卫生事业管理，
2025，42（6）：612-618.
Gao Xiuwen, Tang Yong. Analysis of the types of 
home-based community care services among the 
disabled older adults and its influencing factors[J]. 
Chinese Health Service Management, 2025, 42(6): 
612-618.
杨红霞，阴其谱，伊若男，等. 中老年人智慧居家
养老服务需求现状及其影响因素[J]. 护理研究，
2023，37（6）：1077-1082.
Yang Hongxia, Yin Qipu, Yi Ruonan, et al. 
Status quo and influencing factors of demand 
of intelligent home-based elderly care service 
of middle-aged and elderly people[J]. Chinese 
Nursing Research, 2023, 37(6): 1077-1082.
黄启原，李颖，许昕，等. 基于CLHLS的老年人社
区养老服务需求及影响因素研究[J]. 护理学杂
志，2021，36（3）：5-9.
Huang Qiyuan, Li Ying, Xu Xin, et al. Older 
adults’ needs of community elder care service in 
China and the influencing factors: an empirical 
research based on CLHLS[J]. Journal of Nursing 
Science, 2021, 36(3): 5-9.
周建芳. 城市老人居家养老服务的有效需求及
其影响因素[J]. 北京社会科学，2022（11）：
116-128.
Zhou Jianfang. A study on the effective demand 
of home-based elderly care services for the urban 
elderly and its influencing factors[J]. Social 
Science of Beijing, 2022(11): 116-128.
李兆友，郑吉友. 农村社区居家养老服务需求强
度的实证分析——基于辽宁省S镇农村老年人的
问卷调查[J]. 社会保障研究，2016（5）：18-26.
Li Zhaoyou, Zheng Jiyou. An empirical analysis of
the demand intensity of the rural community home 
endowment service: based on the investigation of 
rural elderly in S Town in Liaoning Province[J]. 
Social Security Studies, 2016(5): 18-26.
刘小春. 农村居民养老服务项目需求优先次序及
其影响因素研究[J]. 价格月刊，2020（6）：79-88.
Liu Xiaochun. Research on the demand priority 
and influencing factors of elderly care in rural 
areas[J]. Prices Monthly, 2020(6): 79-88.
刘蕾. 基于KANO模型的农村公共服务需求分
类与供给优先序研究[J]. 财贸研究，2015，26
（6）：39-46.
Liu Lei. On the supply priority of rural public 
services and the demand classification with the 
KANO model[J]. Finance and Trade Research, 
2015, 26(6): 39-46.
蔡山彤，敖楹婧. 城市老年人居家养老服务需求
及影响因素——基于成都的社会调查[J]. 人口
与社会，2016，32（3）：23-35.
Cai Shantong, Ao Yingjing. Study on service 
demand at home and influencing factors of the 
city elderly: based on the social investigation of 
Chengdu[J]. Population and Society, 2016, 32(3): 
23-35.
刘慧玲. 社区居家养老服务需求现状及对策——
以重庆市社区为例[J]. 社会福利（理论版），
2022（7）：42-50.
Liu Huiling. Current situation and countermeasures 
of community home care service demand: taking 
Chongqing community as an example[J]. Social 
Welfare (Theory Edition), 2022(7): 42-50.
王佳姝，俞蕾，仇琰，等. 城市社区老年人养老服
务需求及影响因素[J]. 中国老年学杂志，2017，
37（24）：6236-6238.
Wang Jiashu, Yu Lei, Qiu Yan, et al. Elderly care 
service needs and influencing factors for older 
adults in urban communities[J]. Chinese Journal 
of Gerontology, 2017, 37(24): 6236-6238.
胡升星，白旭，饶夫阳，等. 北京市朝阳区老年人
居家养老医疗服务需求及影响因素[J]. 医学与
社会，2018，31（7）：77-80.
Hu Shengxing, Bai Xu, Rao Fuyang, et al. 
Demand of elderly for home-based medical care 
services and its influencing factors in Chaoyang 
District of Beijing City[J]. Medicine and Society, 
2018, 31(7): 77-80.
于泽浩. 北京市老年居家服务项目使用影响因
素及有效供给分析——以2015年“第四次中国
城乡老年人生活状况抽样调查”北京数据为基
础[J]. 兰州学刊，2019（7）：196-208.
Yu Zehao. Factors affecting the use and effective 
supply of home-based services for the elderly in 
Beijing: based on the 2015 “Fourth Survey on the 
Living Conditions of Urban and Rural Elderly 
in China” Beijing data[J]. Lanzhou Academic 
Journal, 2019(7): 196-208.
侯冰，张乐川. 社区居家养老服务需求层次及其
优先满足序列——以上海市斜土路街道为例[J]. 
城市问题，2017（12）：4-11.
Hou Bing, Zhang Lechuan. Needs hierarchy of 
community service for the old-age home care: based 
on the investigation to the Xietu Road Street of 
Shanghai City[J]. Urban Problems, 2017(12): 4-11.
赵丽宏. 城市居家养老生活照料体系研究[J]. 学
术交流，2007（10）：123-125.
Zhao Lihong. A study on the daily living care 
system for urban home-based elderly care[J]. 
Academic Exchange, 2007(10): 123-125.
陈小卉，杨红平. 老龄化背景下城乡规划应对研
究——以江苏为例[J]. 城市规划，2013，37（9）：
17-21.
Chen Xiaohui, Yang Hongping. Urban-rural 
planning in the context of population aging: a 
case study on jiangsu province[J]. City Planning 
Review, 2013, 37(9): 17-21.
胡刚钰，黄建中，牛强. 老龄化背景下社区服务
设施相关研究综述与启示[J].城市发展研究，
2016，23（2）：78-83.
Hu Gangyu, Huang Jianzhong, Niu Qiang. Review 
and revelation of the community service facilities 
research under the background of aging[J]. Urban 
Development Studies, 2016, 23(2): 78-83.
何静，周典，戴靓华. 基于需求理论的城市养老
生活关联设施评价体系研究[J].建筑学报，2020
（增刊2）：37-44.
He Jing, Zhou Dian, Dai Lianghua. Study 
on evaluation system of urban elderly living 
related facilities based on demand theories[J]. 
Architectural Journal, 2020(S2): 37-44.
Matszler K, Hinterhuber H H. How to make 
product development projects more successful by 
integrating Kano’s model of customer satisfaction 
into quality function deployment[J]. Technovation, 
1998, 18(1): 25-38.
Mkpojiogu E O, Hashim N L. Understanding 
the relationship between Kano model’s customer 
satisfaction scores and self-stated requirements 
importance[J]. SpringerPlus, 2016, 5(1): 197.
侯冰. 老年人社区居家养老服务需求层次及其
满足策略研究[J]. 社会保障评论，2019，3（3）：
147-159.
Hou Bing. Community home-based care service 
for urban elderly: demand levels and satisfying 
strategy[J]. Chinese Social Security Review, 2019, 
3(3): 147-159.
中华人民共和国国家发展和改革委员会. 福建：
福州市擦亮“有福之州 幸福老人”金字招牌
让每个老年人拥有幸福晚年[EB/OL]. （2025-11-
17）[2025-12-19]. https://www.ndrc.gov.cn/xwdt/
ztzl/ylyx/dxjy/202511/t20251117_1401670.html.
National Development and Reform Commission 
of the People’s Republic of China. Fujian: Fuzhou 
polishes the golden signboard of “blessed city, 
happy older adults” to ensure a happy later life for
every older adult[EB/OL]. (2025-11-17) [2025-
12-19]. https://www.ndrc.gov.cn/xwdt/ztzl/ylyx/
dxjy/202511/t20251117_1401670.html.
叶锦涛，王建平. 特大城市老年人家庭结构、老
龄化程度与养老需求研究——以上海市为例[J]. 
老龄科学研究，2020，8（7）：41-56.
Ye Jintao, Wang Jianping. Family structure, degree 
of population aging and demand of senior care 
in megacities: taking Shanghai as an example[J]. 
Science Research on Aging, 2020, 8(7): 41-56.
罗兴奇. 居家养老服务的结构困境及优化路
径——以上海市为例[J]. 城市问题，2017（2）：
83-89.
Luo Xingqi. The structural dilemma and optimization path of home care service: taking Shanghai 
City as an example[J]. Urban Problems, 2017(2): 
83-89.
黄晓燕，周帅. 上海市某街道居家养老服务需求
调查[J]. 中国卫生产业，2019，16（3）：1-3.
Huang Xiaoyan, Zhou Shuai. Survey on the needs 
of home care services for a street in Shanghai[J]. 
China Health Industry, 2019, 16(3): 1-3.