基于ERG需求理论的保障房住区居民生活便利性 评价* ——以深圳市为例
Evaluation of Residents’ Living Convenience in Affordable Housing Communities Based on ERG Demand Theory: A Case Study of Shenzhen
李 云
深圳大学建筑与城市规划学院 城市规划系主任，副教授，硕士生导师
徐佩姿
深圳大学建筑与城市规划学院 硕士研究生
胡慧敏
江西财经大学 助教
陈嫣嫣
中国人民大学深圳研究院 研究员
郑智晗（通信作者）
深圳大学建筑与城市规划学院 硕士研究生，19814756302@163.com
摘要: 当前保障性住房普遍存在选址偏远、设施配套短缺、公交出行困难、职住失衡等问题，导致居民生活便利性水平低下， 制约城市宜居性建设，亟需开展保障房住区居民生活便利性研究。结合社区生活圈理念，以深圳市2012—2022年已建成 的341个保障房住区为对象，引入ERG需求理论，从生存需求、相互关系需求、成长需求3个方面构建15分钟社区生活圈 居民生活便利性评价体系，从设施密度、可达性与多样性综合量化居民使用设施的便利性水平，从城市和保障房住区 两个层面分析物质与精神不同层次需求满足的便利性情况，并探究其空间分布特征。研究发现：（1）深圳市保障房住 区居民高层次需求便利性不足；（2）便利性水平高保障房住区数量较少，整体便利性水平偏低；（3）不同类型保障房 住区便利性水平差异大，空间分异特征明显。针对以上研究结论，提出相应改进建议。
Abstract: Currently, affordable housing generally faces issues like remote location, insufficient supporting facilities, poor public transport accessibility, and job-housing imbalance, leading to low residents’ living convenience and restricting urban livability. Thus, research on living convenience in affordable housing communities is urgently needed. Combined with the “living circle” concept, this study takes 341 completed affordable housing communities in Shenzhen (2012-2022) as research objects, introduces ERG theory, and builds an evaluation system for residents’ living convenience in 15-minute community living circles from three dimensions: existence, relatedness, and growth needs. It quantifies facility access convenience via density, accessibility, and diversity, analyzes the convenience of meeting residents’ material and spiritual needs at city and community scales, and explores spatial distribution characteristics of living convenience. The research findings indicate: (1) High-level needs convenience for residents in affordable housing communities in Shenzhen is insufficient; (2) Few affordable housing communities have high convenience levels, and overall convenience levels are low; (3) Convenience levels differ significantly among different types of affordable housing communities, with obvious spatial differentiation. Based on these conclusions, corresponding improvement suggestions are proposed.
关键词：保障房；生活圈；居民生活便利性；ERG需求理论；公共服务设施
Keyword: affordable housing; living circle; living convenience; ERG demand theory; public service facilities
中图分类号：TU984
文献标识码: A
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