上海轨道交通无障碍环境建设的再思考
Rethinking Barrier Free Environment Construction in Shanghai Metro Transport
潘海啸
同济大学建筑与城市规划学院 教授， 博士生导师
摘要: 城市无障碍交通体系的建设已经成为现代城市一种发展趋势。改善行动不方便者的交通出行是城市的一项重要责任，同时又可以提高城市运行的效率。已经进入老年社会的上海，因老致残的比例日益提高。交通出行是人们的一项基本权利，我们必须及早采取有效应对措施，建设一个更加宜居的城市。上海轨道交通无障碍环境建设起步早，已成为残疾人出行的重要交通工具，但也还存在一些不便之处。首先阐述了上海轨道交通无障碍环境建设的背景，分析存在的问题，指出在轨道交通无障碍环境建设中理念转变的重要性。通过对国际无障碍建设先进理念的分析，结合上海的实际情况，提出上海轨道交通无障碍建设的建议。
Abstract: The construction of the barrier free transport system has become a development trend of modern cities. Improving mobility of disabled people is an important responsibility of the city. At the same time, it can also improve the efficiency of travel for all citizens. Shanghai is now an aging society with high proportion senior citizens becoming disabled to travel. Mobility is a fundamental right of people; we must take effective response measures as early as possible to build a more livable city for all citizen. The concept for barrier free has been applied in Shanghai metro construction at early stage. Now handicapped people are much rely on metro to travel a long distance. But there are still some inconveniences for disabled people to use the system. This paper analyzes the background and problems in barrier free construction of Shanghai metro, pointing out the importance of shifting the concept from barrier free transport only for handicapped people to benefit all citizens. With the reference of international advanced concept and practice, some recommendations have been proposed on the reality of barrier free construction in Shanghai metro.
关键词：无障碍环境、轨道交通、老龄化、残疾人
Keyword: Barrier free transport, Metro, Aging society, Disabled people
中图分类号：TU981
文献标识码: B
[1] 潘海啸， 熊锦云， 刘冰. 无障碍环境建设整体理念发展趋势分析[J]. 城市规划学刊，2007（2）：42-46.
PAN Haixiao，XIONG Jinyun，LIU Bing. The Tendency of Integral Concept of Barrier-free Environment Construct ion[ J ]. Urban Planning Forum，2007（2）： 42-46.
[2] 潘海啸， （法）杜雷. 城市机动性和无障碍环境建设[M]. 上海： 同济大学出版社，2008.
PAN Haixiao，Jean-Francois Doulet. Ville，Handicap Et Accessibilite[M]. Shanghai：Tongji University Press，2008.
[3]张仰斐. 中国城市的交通无障碍设施适用性实证研究——以上海市为例[D]. 上海： 同济大学硕士学位论文，2010.
ZHANG Yangfei. A Positive Study on the Adaptability of Urban Transport Barrier-free Facilities in China，the Case of Shanghai [D] . Shanghai： The Dissertation for Master Degree of Tongji University，2010.
[4] 欧阳鹏. 城市机动性与反社会排斥——国外城市无障碍交通规划对策的启示[J]. 现代城市研究，2008（8）： 60-69.
OUYANG Peng. Urban Mobility and Anti Social Exclusion: The Inspiration of Barrier-free Transportation Planning Measures from Abroad Cities[J]. Modern Urban Research，2008（8）：60-69.
[5] 孔键. 地铁车站内部空间环境的无障碍设计研究[J]. 室内设计，2009（3）： 18-22.
KONG Jian. Research of the Barrier- free Design on Interior Space Environment of Subway Stat ion[J] . Interior Design，2009（3）： 18-22.
[6] 张传鸿. 轨道交通车站无障碍设施的规划与设计[J]. 地下工程与隧道，2004（4）： 21-25.
ZHANG Chuanhong. Planning and Design of Rail Transit Station of Barrier-free Facilities [ J ] . Undegrourd Engineering and Tunnels，2004（4）： 21-25.
[7] 潘海啸. 低碳城市交通建设与上海未来交通发展[J]. 上海城市规划，2012（2）： 4-8.
PAN Haixiao. Low-carbon City Transport Construction and Shanghai Transport Development in the Future [ J ] . Shanghai Urban Planning Review，2012（2）： 4-8.
[8] 潘海啸. 后世博上海低碳城市的交通与土地使用5D模式[J]. 上海城市规划，2011（1） ： 27-32.
PAN Haixiao. 5D Transportation and Land Use Model for the Construction of Shanghai Low- carbon City in the Epoch of Post 2010 Shanghai Expo[J]. Shanghai Urban Planning Review，2011（1）： 27-32.
