发达地区镇域土地利用碎片化测度研究——以中山市东升镇为例
Analysis on Land Use Fragmentation of Towns in Developed Areas: A Case Study of Dongsheng Town, Zhongshan City
卢凌威
同济大学建筑与城市规划学院 博士研究生
摘要: 对中山市东升镇土地利用碎片化形态及其形成过程进行量化分析，以准确刻画其土地利用格局，探析碎片化的主要影响因素，作为进一步剖析其碎片化形成机制的实证基础。借用景观生态学的“斑块”概念及研究方法，运用Fragstats软件工具进行城乡用地格局的数理统计运算。发现东升镇土地利用碎片化主要作用因素是多年来大量分散增长的工业用地和农村居住用地，而占据主要比例的大量细碎用地斑块是其碎片化格局的直接原因。以期为半城市化地区土地利用研究提供新的视角和方法。
Abstract: A quantitative analysis is launched on the characteristics and formation of land use fragmentation of Dongsheng to characterize the land use pattern accurately and to find out the main influencing factors, that aims at the driving forces of Dongsheng’s land use fragmentation. This paper measures the land use fragmentation of Dongsheng using the Fragstats program based on the “patch” and the method of landscape ecology. It concludes that the main forces influencing Dongsheng’s land use fragmentation include the industrial land using and rural house land using which sprawled rapidly over the years, and the high proportion of fragments of land use is the most important reason of the fragmentation. This paper provides a new perspective and method for the analysis of land use of peri-urbanization areas.
关键词：景观生态学方法、土地利用碎片化、东升镇
Keyword: Method of landscape ecology, Land use fragmentation, Dongsheng Town
中图分类号：TU981
文献标识码: A
[1] 肖笃宁，高峻，石铁茅. 景观生态学在城市规划和管理中的应用[J]. 地球科学进展，2001，16（6）：813-820.
XIAO Duni n g , GAO J u n , SHI Tiemao .Applicationof Landscape Ecology in Urban
Planning and Management[J]. Advance in Earth Science, 2001,16(6):813-820.
[2] 曾辉，江子瀛. 深圳市龙华地区快速城市化过程中的景观结构研究——城市建设用地结构及异质性特征分析[J]. 应用生态学报，2000，11（4）：567-572.
ZENG Hui, JIANG Ziying. Landscape Structure of Longhuaarea in Shenzhen City during Fast Urbanization Process: Structure and Heterogenicity of Urban ConstructionArea[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2000,11(4):567-572.
[3] 傅伯杰，陈利顶，马克明，等．景观生态学原理及应用[M]. 北京：科学出版社，2002．
FU Bojie, CHEN Liding, MA Keming, et al. Principle and Application of Landscape Ecology[M]. Science Press, Beijing, 2002.
[4] 李俊祥，王玉洁，沈晓虹，等. 上海市城乡梯度景观格局分析[J]. 生态学报，2004，24（9）：1973-1980.
LI Junxiang, WANG Yujie, SHEN Xiaohong, et al.Landscape Pattern Analysis along an Urban-rural Gradient in the Shanghai Metropolitan Region[J].ActaEcologicSinica, 2004,24(9):1973-1980.
[5] 赵晶. 上海城市土地利用和景观格局的空间演变研究[D]. 上海：华东师范大学博士学位论文，2004.
ZHAO Jing. A Study on Spatial Evolution of Urban Land Use and Landscape Pattern in Shanghai[D].The Dissertation for Doctor Degree of East China Normal University, 2004.
[6] 孙晓宇，苏奋振，吕婷婷，等. 珠江口西岸土地利用景观格局变化及驱动力分析[J]. 地球信息科学学报，2009，11（4）：436-441.
SUN Xiaoyu, SU Fenzhen, LV Tingting, et al. Analysis on Landscape Spatial Pattern Changes of Land Use and Its Driving Forces in Coastal Zone of Western Pearl River Estuary[J]. Journal of Geoinformation Science,2009,11(4):436-441.
[7] 韦亚平，张晨，张宗彝，等. 一种测度城镇建设用地碎化的指数方法[J]. 城市规划，2011（6）：41-49.
WEI Yaping, ZHANG Chen, ZHANG Zongyi, et al.An Index Method of Assessing Constuctuion-Land Fragmentation in Urban Areas[J]. City Planning Review ,2011(6):41-49.
[8] 邬建国. 景观生态学——格局、过程、尺度与等级（第二版）[M]. 北京：高等教育出版社，2007.
WU Jianguo. Landscape Ecology: Pattern, Process,Scale and Hierarchy(2nd edition)[M]. Higher Education Press, Beijing, 2007.
[9]Daniel Z. Sui, HuiZeng. Modeling the Dynamics of Landscape Structure in Asia’s Emerging Desakota Regions: A Case Study in Shenzhen[J]. Landscape and Urban Planning, 2000(1-16).
[10] G. Darrel Jenerette, Jianguo Wu. Analysis and Simulation of Land-use Change in the Central Arizona–Phoenix region, USA[J]. LandscapeEcology, 2001(16): 611–626.
[11] T. G. McGee. Managing the Rural–urban Transformation in East Asiain the 21st Century[J].Sustain Sci, 2008(3):155–167.
[12] 黄靖，蔡建明. 东莞半城市化地区发展透视[J].地理与地理信息科学，2007，23（2）：65-69.
HUANG Jing, CAI Jianming. Perspective of Periurbanization Area Development in Dongguan[J].Geography and Geo- Information Science, 2007,23(2): 65-69.
[13] 建设部课题组. 新时期小城镇发展研究[M]. 北京：中国建筑工业出版社，2007：183.
Workgroup of Ministry of Construction. Research of the Towns’Development in the New Period[M]. China Architecture & Building Press,Beijing, 2007:183.
[14] 李郇，黎云. 农村集体所有制与分散式农村城市化空间——以珠江三角洲为例[J]. 城市规划，2005，29（7）：39-41.
LI Xun, LI Yun. Rural Collective Ownership and Dispersed Rural Urbanization Space: ACase Studyof the Pearl RiverDelta[J]. Urban Planning, 2005,29(7):39-41.
[15] 田莉，戈壁青. 转型经济中的半城市化地区土地利用特征和形成机制研究[J]. 城市规划学刊，2011（3）：66-73.
TIAN Li, GE Biqing. Land Use Characteristics and Driving Force of Peri-urban Area in the Transitional Economy[J]. Urban Planning Forum, 2011(3):66-73.
[16] 翁计传，闫小培. 中山市农村就地城市化特征和动力机制研究[J]. 世界地理研究，2011，20（2）：76-83.
WENG Jichuan, YAN Xiaopei. Typical Characteristics and Power Mechanism of Rural in Situ Urbanization in Zhongshan City[J]. Word Regional Research, 2011,20(2):76-83.
[17]叶玉瑶，张虹鸥，许学强，等. 珠江三角洲建设用地扩展与经济增长模式的关系[J]. 地理研究，2011，30（12）：2259-2271.
YE Yuyao, ZHANG Hongou, XU Xueqiang, et al. Study on the Relationship of Construction Land Expansion and Economic Growth Pattern in the Pearl River Delta[J]. Geographical Research, 2011,30(12):2259-2271.
