城市规划大数据的空间化及利用之道*

The Spatialization of Urban Planning Big Data and Its Using Methods

牛强
武汉大学城市设计学院城市规划系博士, 副教授

摘要: 归纳出了城市规划大数据的7种类型,介绍了公交刷卡、交通量监控、人口和经济普查、移动终端位置信息、微博等典型城市大数据空间化后的效果,以及空间化的2种基本技术方法,提出空间化是这些大数据利用的有效途径,并总结了城市大数据空间化后的利用方法,包括:1)大数据信息内容的空间可视化,2)开展空间特征分析、模式和格局分析、空间关系和成因分析、趋势分析和预测、评价等各类空间分析,3)进行大数据之间的信息集成,4)对城市大数据进行空间检索查询等。

Abstract: The article reduces the urban big data to 7 types, introduces the effect of the spatialization of some typical urban big data, which include public Transport Smart Card Data, traffic monitoring, population and economic census, position information of the mobile terminals, micro-blog, presents two basic spatialization methods, and proposes that spatialization is an effective method in using urban big data. Then the article sums up four main utilization methods based on spatialization: 1) visualization of big data’s content, 2) spatial analyzing such as spatial character analysis, pattern analysis, spatial relationships and genetic analysis, trend analysis and prediction, evaluation and so on, 3) information integration between big data, 4) spatial query on urban big data.

关键词:城市规划、大数据、空间化、利用方法、城市大数据类型、空间分析类型

Keyword: Urban planning, Big data, Spatialization, Using method, Types of urban big data, Types of spatial analysis

中图分类号:TU981

文献标识码: A

资金资助

国家自然科学基金资助项目 51308422

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