韧性理论视角下的城市安全减灾*
Urban Safety and Disaster Prevention under The Perspective of Resilience Theory
郭小东
北京工业大学建筑与城市规划学院 博士，副研究员 中国城市规划学会城市安全与防灾规划学术委员会 副秘书长
王志涛
北京工业大学建筑与城市规划学院 博士，副教授
苏经宇
北京工业大学建筑与城市规划学院 教授，博士生导师 中国城市规划学会城市安全与防灾规划学术委员会 主任委员
摘要: 针对新常态下我国城市对防灾减灾的需求，在总结国外相关韧性概念的基础上，提出建设防灾韧性城市的理念，并从减轻灾害影响能力、对灾害适应能力、灾后系统恢复能力3个方面探讨了韧性城市的内涵。分析了我国城市缺乏韧性的原因，给出了评估城市防灾韧性能力的定量方法。基于该方法，通过案例分析了不同城市在灾害过程中的韧性表现形式。最后探讨了提高城市韧性能力建设的举措，并提出了韧性城市建设对规划师的要求与挑战。
Abstract: According to the demand of urban safety and disaster reduction in our country today, this paper reviews hazard mitigation practice, defines a resilient city, and discusses the connotation of the resilient city from the aspects of disaster vulnerability ability, disaster adaptive ability, and post disaster recovery ability. Then this paper analyzes the reasons for the lack of resilience in China cities, and gives the quantitative evaluation method for city resilience ability. Based on this method, the paper analyzes the resilience abilities of different cities through the disaster cases. Finally, the paper discusses some measures to improve the urban resilience and puts forward the demands and challenges for the urban planners.
关键词：防灾、减灾、韧性城市、城市规划
Keyword: Disaster relief, Disaster prevention, Resilient city, Urban planning
中图分类号：TU981
文献标识码: A
资金资助
国家科技支撑计划“城镇要害系统风险评估及应急空间保障、处置规划关键技术”（2015BAK14B01）项目资助。
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