转型背景下参与式社区规划的实践和思考*——以北京市清河街道Y社区为例
Practice and Reflection of Participatory Community Planning under the Background of Transformation: A Case Study of Y Community, Qinghe District in Beijing
刘佳燕
清华大学建筑学院 副教授，博士
程情仪
清华大学建筑学院 硕士研究生
谈小燕
北京市委党校社会学部 讲师，博士
摘要: 当前我国城市规划与建设管理进入重要转型期，对进一步推动社区规划的发展提出了迫切要求。基于对中国转型时期的背景研读，以及国内外参与式社区规划的发展评述，提出了关于社区参与的3个根本性问题，即参与的目的、主体和实践过程。进而结合在北京市海淀区清河街道开展的参与式社区规划实践活动进行阐释。社区规划是“新清河实验”的一部分，通过跨学科力量，探索空间规划与社区治理的整合机制，是通过空间的再组织实现社会的再组织的过程，是向社区还权和增能的过程，是实现社区共建共享、协商共治的过程。
Abstract: The urban planning, construction management in China has stepped into an important transition period, which proposes urgent requirement to the further improvement of community planning. Based on the study on China's special transition background, and the review of the participatory community development in China and abroad, the paper presents three fundamental questions to community participation, including the goal, subject and implementation process. Then the participatory community planning practice in Qinghe Jiedao in Beijing is put forward as an example. As a part of 'New Qinghe Experiment', the community planning tries to explore an interdisciplinary process integrating spatial planning and community governance, promoting social reorganization through spatial reorganization. As a result, it realizes the community empowerment and capability improvement, as a process of community co-building and sharing, as well as negotiation and co-governance.
关键词：参与式社区规划、公众参与、社区治理、公共空间、清河实验
Keyword: Participatory community planning，Public participation， Community governance， Public space， Qinghe experiment
中图分类号：TU981
文献标识码: A
资金资助
清华大学（建筑学院）-旭辉控股（集团）有限公司可持续住区联合研究中心课题 “基于存量空间资源挖掘的社区营造研究” 20152001392
[1]Colantonio A. Traditional and emerging prospects in social sustainability[J]. Archives of Histology & Cytology, 2008, 71(3):147-54.
[2]周晓丽, 党秀云. 西方国家的社会治理:机制、理念及其启示[J].南京社会科学, 2013（10）：75-81.
ZHOU Xiaoli, DANG Xiuyun. Western social governance: mechanisms, ideas and enlightenment[J]. Social Sciences in Nanjing, 2013(10):75-81.
[3]李强, 温飞. 构建全民共建共享的社会治理格局[J]. 前线, 2016（2）：7-9.
LI Qiang, WEN Fei. Construction and sharing of the social governance pattern of all people[J]. Qianxian, 2016(2):7-9.
[4]黄瓴, 罗燕洪. 社会治理创新视角下的社区规划及其地方途径——以重庆市渝中区石油路街道社区发展规划为例[J]. 西部人居环境学刊, 2014（5）：13-18.
HUANG Ling, LUO Yanhong. Community planning and the local approach in the perspective of social governance innovation: a case study of Shiyou Road, Yuzhong District of Chongqing[J]. Human Settlements Forum in West China, 2014(5):13-18.
[5]袁媛, 柳叶, 林静. 国外社区规划近十五年研究进展——基于Citespace软件的可视化分析[J]. 上海城市规划, 2015（4）：26-33.
YUAN Yuan, LIU Ye, LIN Jing. Review on community planning research of foreign countries in the past 15 years: a visualized analysis based on Citespace software[J]. Shanghai Urban Planning Review, 2015(4):26-33.
[6]尼克•盖伦特, 史蒂夫•罗宾逊.邻里规划:社区、网络与管理[M]. 北京：中国建筑工业出版社, 2015.
Gallent N, Robinson S. Neighbourhood planning: communities, networks and governance[M]. Beijing: China Architecture & Building Press, 2015.
[7]Robb Kushner. Ioby[EB/OL].(2012-6-20)[2017-3-30]. https://www.ioby.org.
[8]Edible Landscaping: Organic Gardening And Landscape Design[EB/OL]. (2010-10-21)[2017-03-30].http://www.edible-landscape-design.com.
[9]Mackey M K. Unusual edibles to start in your greenhouse right now[EB/OL]. (2015-02-04)[2017-03-30].https://hartley-botanic.com/magazine/unusual-edibles-to-start-in-your-greenhouse-right-now/.
[10]王本壮，李永展，邱勇嘉，等. 社区X营造：政策规划与理论实践[M].台北：唐山出版社, 2016.
WANG Benzhuang，LI Yongzhan，QIU Yongjia, et al. Community construction: the policy planning and theoretical practice[M]. Taipei: Tonsan Publications Inc, 2016.
[11]杨贵庆. 未来十年上海大都市的住房问题和社区规划[J]. 城市规划学刊, 2000（4）：63-68.
YANG Guiqing. Housing problem and community planning in the next 10 years of metropolitan Shanghai[J]. Urban Planning Forum, 2000(4):63-68.
[12]孙施文, 邓永成. 开展具有中国特色的社区规划——以上海市为例[J]. 城市规划学刊, 2001（6）：16-18.
SUN Shiwen, DENG Yongcheng. Develop the characteristic community planning of China: taking Shanghai as the case[J]. Urban Planning Forum, 2001(6):16-18.
[13]徐一大, 吴明伟. 从住区规划到社区规划[J]. 城市规划学刊, 2002（4）：54-55.
XU Yida, WU Mingwei. Two words of community planning[J]. Urban Planning Forum, 2002(4):54-55.
[14]赵蔚, 赵民. 从居住区规划到社区规划[J]. 城市规划学刊, 2002（6）：68-71.
ZHAO Wei, ZHAO Min. Residential planning or community planning[J]. Urban Planning Forum, 2002(6):68-71.
[15]李东泉. 中国社区规划实践述评——以中国期刊网检索论文为研究对象[J]. 现代城市, 2014（3）：10-13.
LI Dongquan. Review of Chinese community planning practice: a case study on paper retrieval on Chinese journal net[J]. Modern City, 2014(3):10-13.
[16]刘佳燕, 邓翔宇. 基于社会—空间生产的社区规划——新清河实验探索[J]. 城市规划, 2016, 40（11）：9-14.
LIU Jiayan, DENG Xiangyu. Community planning based on socio-spatial production: explorations in ‘New Qinghe Experiment’[J]. City Planning Review, 2016, 40(11):9-14.
[17]顾朝林, 刘佳燕. 城市社会学[M]. 北京：清华大学出版社, 2013.
GU Chaolin, LIU Jiayan. The urban sociology[M]. Beijing: Tsinghua University Publishing House, 2013.
[18]卡罗尔•佩特曼. 参与和民主理论[M]. 陈尧译.上海：上海人民出版社, 2012.
Pateman C.Participation and democratic theory[M]. CHEN Yao,translate.Shanghai: Shanghai People's Publishing House, 2012.
