特大城市近郊区“棚户简屋”区的改造策略研究 ——以上海市嘉定区为例
Renewal Strategies of Shanty Areas in Metropolitan Suburbs: A Case Study of Jiading District, Shanghai
朱 金
上海江南建筑设计院有限公司 规划师，硕士
王 超
上海江南建筑设计院有限公司 院长助理，副总工程师，高级工程师
摘要: “棚户简屋”区是一个城市发展的塌陷地带，与其最光鲜的中心区存在巨大的外观反差，物质空间破败、社会群落低端，以及空间动态演化是棚户简屋区的主要特征。随着上海中心城区棚户简屋区改造的不断推进及上海实体经济空间布局的郊区转移，棚户简屋问题也逐渐由中心城区转向了郊区，尤其是近郊区村庄的棚户简屋现象日趋严重。透过近郊某棚户简屋区的改造实践，从外来人口的爆发式增长、农村土地产权边界的模糊性、既有租赁市场的不健全与不规范、整体性改造的意愿及高额成本等角度，辨释现存的诸多改造难点；继而提出需要通过更为细致的调研，对数量众多的村庄进行适当分类，以及采取差异化的改造策略，从而提高村民和外来人口的实际居住品质；并就面向外来人口的低成本公共租赁住房，以及本地非集体经济组织成员在原籍农村房屋的退出机制展开了讨论。
Abstract: Shanty area has huge contrast to the prosperous city center and is always regarded as an ugly image of metropolis. Decaying physical space, low-end social group attribution and dynamic evolution are the main features of shanty areas. With the advance of urban renewal in inner city of Shanghai and suburbanized industrial park, shanty area has been an emerging issue in Shanghai suburbs. Many difficulties of suburban shanty area renewal are revealed based on the field work, such as the explosive increase of migrants, ambiguity of rural land property right boundary, informal rental housing market and the high cost of overall renewal. Further, this paper puts forward some strategies to promote the renewal of such areas, including some targeted technical reparation based on case-by-case investigation which will enhance the current living environment for both local rural family and migrant family. Second, the housing needs of low-end migrants should be satisfied in the formal framework like affordable public housing designated for migrants. Third, institutional refinement like withdrawal mechanism for people with agricultural household registration but has settled in the city should be explored.
关键词：棚户简屋区、外来人口聚居地、改造难点、 策略探讨、上海近郊
Keyword: Shanty areas ， Migrants aggregated community， Renewal difficulties，Strategy discussion， Suburban Shanghai
中图分类号：TU981
文献标识码: A
