学校周边建成环境对学龄儿童上下学交通方式 的影响*——以上海市为例
The Impacts of School Neighborhood Built Environment on School-age Children’s School Conmmuting: A Case Study of Shanghai
何玲玲
华东师范大学生态与环境科学学院 上海市城市化生态过程与生态恢复重点实验室 硕士研究生
林 琳
西交利物浦大学城市规划与设计系 讲师，博士生导师
摘要: 近年来，我国学龄儿童体力活动水平下降，超重和肥胖发生率不断上升。同时，上下学两个时间段内学校周边交通压力巨
大。鼓励学龄儿童采用步行或骑自行车等方式上下学，不仅可以提高他们的体力活动水平、降低超重和肥胖率，也可以降
低学校周边的交通压力。调查上海16个区32所小学后发现，学校周边交通设施、土地混合使用以及人口密度等特征与学生
步行上学的可能性呈正相关，与乘自行车、电瓶车或小汽车等非积极交通方式上学的概率呈负相关。同时，我们发现与学
生上学时交通方式有显著相关性的学校周边建成环境特征变量比学生放学时多。
Abstract: Physical activity of school-age children in China has been decreasing while the prevalence of overweight and obesity has been
increasing in recent years. With children travel to and from school overlapping with the morning and afternoon traffic peak hours in
Chinese cities, school-age children’s commuting further adds to the traffic volumes around schools. Encouraging walking and cycling
could increase school-age children’s physical activity level and levitate the traffic congestion around schools. We investigate 32 public
elementary schools located in 16 urban districts in Shanghai and finds that transportation facilities, mix land uses and residential
density are positively correlated with the rates of walking to school, and negatively correlate with the rates of passive commuting
to school such as being driven to school, and being escorting to school on bikes or electronic bikes. School neighborhood built
environmental attributes are identified to be more associated with travel to school than that of travel from school.
关键词：建成环境、学龄儿童 、 交通方式、步行
Keyword: Built environment，School-age children，Transportation mode，Walking
中图分类号：TU981
文献标识码: A
资金资助
国家自然科学基金项目 “城市环境因素对学龄儿童肥胖影响的纵向追踪研究——以上海市为例” 41301153
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