面向居民的公共绿地服务水平评价方法 ——对1982年和2015年上海市内环内情况的比较
An Evaluation Method of Resident-oriented Urban Public Green Space Services Level: Comparison of 1982 and 2015 in Shanghai Inner-ring
马玉荃
上海市城市规划设计研究院 工程师，硕士
摘要: 以1982年和2015年上海市内环内地区为例，构建了基于公平理念的居民公共绿地服务水平评价方法。该方法以居民为核心
判读其实际能够使用的绿地面积及使用时的“拥挤”程度，与以往研究多以绿地为核心的诸多方法相比，规避了处理绿
地服务区重叠的问题，并在考虑绿地面积大小的同时，消除了绿地自身对地区服务水平的影响。借助可视化表达和基尼系
数等方法，还可以进行横向、纵向的比较，从而判断区域整体的服务公平性。发现32年间研究区域内公共绿地服务状况发
生了根本性的改善：居民普遍可以享受到离家1 000 m范围内的公共绿地，公共绿地服务水平有了整体提高，公共绿地资源
分配总体上更加公平，但服务水平最高的10%人群占有了更大比例的公共绿地资源。
Abstract: This research constructs a resident-oriented evaluation methods based on fairness in public green space services. This method of
interpretation based on the residents can actually describe green areas and the use of ‘crowding’ level, while previous researches took
green space as the core of methods. This method avoids the green service-area-overlap issues, and takes the size of green space into
account. By means of Visual expression and Gini coefficient method of comparison, this method can also compare the regional equity
horizontally and vertically. Comparing the cases of 1982 and 2015 in Shanghai Inner-ring, it shows that the public green service level
and the fairnes have fundamentally improved. Almost all residents can enjoy public green space in 1 000 meters around home. The
public green space service level has overall raised and be more fair. However, the top 10% crowd occupies more proportion of public
green resources.
关键词：城市公共绿地、社会公平、步行尺度、上海市中心城区
Keyword: Public green space，Social equity， Walking scale，Central city of Shanghai
中图分类号：TU981
文献标识码: A
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