纽约市综合防灾规划关键问题解析*
Analysis on the Key Issues of Multi-hazard Mitigation Plan in New York City
冯 浩
同济大学建筑与城市规划学院 博士研究生
宋 彦
美国北卡罗莱纳大学教堂山分校中国城市研究中心 主任 美国北卡罗莱纳大学教堂山分校城市与区域规划学院 教授，博士
戴慎志
同济大学建筑与城市规划学院 教授，博导
摘要: 以纽约市防灾规划为研究对象，探讨其聚焦于“综合”的编制经验，通过对核心内容识别与分析，总结归纳出纽约市防灾规划的典型特征。首先，规划的“综合”内涵主要体现在操作模式与规划内容上，灾害风险评估与减灾战略是整个规划的关键环节；其次，规划在灾种辨识与描述、脆弱性评估、防灾目标设定、防灾行动确定等问题上具有高度的连贯性，并表现出在规划技术、部门协作以及实施操作等方面的优势；最后，规划仍面临一定的局限，其在区域协调、防灾整体空间布局等方面具有完善的可能。
Abstract: According to New York City Hazard Mitigation Plan, this research explores the planning experiences focusing on the concept of ‘comprehensive’. Based on the identification and analysis to the key content, the typical characteristics could be summarized as follows. Firstly, the concept of ‘comprehensive’ is mainly on the implementation mode and planning content. Hazard risk assessment and mitigation strategy are the key aspects of the whole plan. Secondly, in the process of hazard identification, hazard profile, vulnerability assessment, planning goals and objectives set, and mitigation actions identification, the plan is highly coherent. It has advantages in planning techniques, multi-jurisdictions cooperation and implementation. Thirdly, this plan has its limitations in terms of regional coordination and space layout, and still has the possibility to be improved.
关键词：大都市、综合防灾规划、风险评估、减灾战略
Keyword: Metropolis，Multi-hazard mitigation plan ，Risk assessment，Mitigation strategy
中图分类号：TU981
文献标识码: A
资金资助
“十二五”农村领域国家科技支撑计划课题 “村镇宜居社区建设支撑体系规划技术研究” 2013BAJ10B01-02
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