基于共享单车数量和流动性的城市空间活力研究
Measuring Urban Space Vibrancy by the Amount and Fluidity of Sharing-bikes
丁家骏
上海同济城市规划设计研究院有限公司 规划师，硕士
摘要: 以上海市杨浦区地铁10号线周边区域为例，探索以共享单车时空大数据衡量城市空间活力的方法。从慢行活动的强度和
公共性两方面评价城市空间活力，并分别用共享单车的数量和流动性衡量。通过共享单车数量和流动性的交互分析，识别
出4类城市活力区域：高活力区、高量低公共性区、低量高公共性区和活力匮乏区，并结合现场踏勘分析其形成原因。研究
发现，本区域就业场所与休闲场所在空间上有很强的耦合性，但是总体休闲活力弱于就业活力；江湾—五角场离富有活力
的城市副中心尚有差距；高校对本区活力有巨大贡献；一定密度的社区商业设施对城市活力和氛围营造十分有益；大型、
封闭、功能单一的地块活力较为低下。共享单车视角下影响城市活力的主要因素为土地使用方式、设施布局、功能混合度
和开放度，而交通的影响则相对次要。最后结合研究成果，讨论了“街区制”的要点和城市治理的新手段。
Abstract: Taking the area around Metro Line 10 in Yangpu District, Shanghai as an example, the method of measuring urban space vibrancy
by spatial-temporal big data of sharing-bikes is explored.Urban space vibrancy is evaluated by the intensity and publicity of slow
activities, measured by the amount and fluidity of sharing-bikes respectively. By the combinatorial analysis of the amount and fluidity
of sharing-bikes, four kinds of vibrancy area are identified including high vibrancy area, high amount and low publicity area, low
amount and high publicity area, and little vibrancy area. The findings include: Jiangwan-Wujiaochang has not become a vibrant subcenter
of Shanghai yet; Universities contribute hugely to urban vibrancy; Community commercial facilities with certain density are
quite beneficial for urban vibrancy; Plots with large scale, little openness and simplex function tend to be less vibrant. Main factors
influencing urban vibrancy from the aspect of sharing-bikes are land use, facilities, degree of mixed-function and openness, while the
effect of traffic is secondary. Based on the findings, the keys of block system and the new methods of urban governance are discussed.
关键词：共享单车、流动性、城市、空间、活力
Keyword: Sharing-bikes ， Fluidity ， City， Space， Vibrancy
中图分类号：TU981
文献标识码: A
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