自然生态与文化生态的原始交织* ——基于南美拉祜族人居生态智慧的跟踪调查
Original Intersection of Natural Ecology and Cultural Ecology: Based on the Tracking Survey of Ecological Wisdom of Nanmei Lahu People
耿 虹
华中科技大学建筑与城市规划学院 城市规划系系主任，教授，博士生导师
闫慧鹏
华中科技大学建筑与城市规划学院 硕士研究生
况 易
华中科技大学建筑与城市规划学院 硕士研究生
吕宁兴（通讯作者）
华中科技大学建筑与城市规划学院 博士
李彦群
华中科技大学建筑与城市规划学院 博士研究生
摘要: 基于南美拉祜族人居生态智慧的跟踪调查发现，在长时段的族群生长过程中，其自然崇拜的民族信仰衍生出人、房、环境
共生的生态逻辑，既是早期民族文化基因选择性表达的遗传结果，也是原真性的民族文化与自然环境高度融合的直观显
现。“七竹八木、月亏取树”等敬畏自然法则、遵守生态规律的传统建造技艺体现了早期人居文明的生存智慧与生态理念；
依山就势、逐层递推、依序延展、代代相守的传统聚落肌理是早期人居生态观的空间投射实证；分层种植、就地居住的生产
生活方式则是充满生态智慧的最优选择。然而在现代文明冲击下，原始交织的自然—文化生态格局正因其脆弱性、低抗性
面临被删除的风险，如何有序、有度地实现民族原真基因的坚守与再续传承成为当下民族村镇建设的重要课题。
Abstract: Based on the tracking survey of ecological wisdom of Nanmei Lahu people, it is found that in the long period of population growth, the
national belief of its natural worship gives rise to the ecological logic of the symbiosis of human, house and environment, which is not
only the genetic result of the selective expression of the early national culture gene, but also the direct manifestation of the high integration
of the original national culture and natural environment. The traditional construction skills of "July bamboo August wood, taking trees on
the wane" are an expression of the early human live wisdom and ecological concept by the traditional construction of ecological law. The
traditional settlement texture formed on the mountain, layer by layer, order by order, and generation by generation is the demonstration of
the spatial projection of the early ecological view of human settlements. And the production life style of stratified cultivation and local living
is the optimal choice of ecological wisdom. However, under the impact of modern civilization, the original intertwining ecological pattern
is now facing the risk of being deleted due to its vulnerability and low resistance. How to achieve the persistence and inheritance of national
authentic genes in an orderly way has become an important topic for village and town construction at present.
关键词：南美拉祜族、自然生态、文化生态、 生态智慧、原真基因
Keyword: Nanmei Lahu people， Natural ecology，Cultural ecology， Ecological wisdom ，Authenticity gene
中图分类号：TU981
文献标识码: A
资金资助
：教育部直属高校“非遗扶贫”示范创建项目 “云南省临翔区拉祜族非遗扶贫示范项目” 5029220001
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