综合交通枢纽地区集约化发展探讨* ——以日本交通枢纽建设实践为例
Promoting the Intensive Development of Integrated Transportation Hub Based on the Compact City Theory: A Case Study of Japan
张新燕
上海市城市建设设计研究总院（集团）有限公司 工程师，硕士
刘 宙
上海市城市建设设计研究总院（集团）有限公司 工程师
何 静
上海市城市建设设计研究总院（集团）有限公司 高级工程师，博士
摘要: 基于“紧凑城市”理论，研究国外紧凑城市发展思想中与综合交通枢纽相关的理论，以辅助分析适应于综合交通枢纽地区集约化发展的要素：高效换乘体系，空间精明增长与紧凑布局，节点和场所价值。这3个要素分别从规划方案、开发手段和经济证据方面解释枢纽集约化的特点。借鉴国际先进的交通枢纽建设实践经验，提出促进综合交通枢纽地区集约化发展的4个规划策略：城市功能布局的多元复合，区域交通的可达性加强，枢纽空间及内部交通的一体化设计，枢纽站点及周边地区的联合开发。旨在为综合交通枢纽地区的建设提供参考，以适应集约化城市的发展需要。
Abstract: Based on the compact city theory, this paper studies the theory related to integrated transportation hub abroad. Consequently, three essential factors are formed: efficient transfer system, smart growth and compact layout, node and places value, which could assist researchers to form planning strategies in integrated transportation hub region. These three factors explain intensive transportation hub characteristics in terms of planning strategy, development method and economy evidence. Combining with the factors and drawing on the experience of advanced integrated transportation hub worldwide, this paper mentions four planning strategies in order to promote the intensive development of integrated transportation hub region: multi-functional of urban layout, accessibility of regional transportation, integrated design of transfer system, and joint-development of integrated transportation hub region, aiming to provide reference for the future construction of integrated transportation hub and to adapt to the development of intensive city.
关键词：紧凑城市、交通枢纽、集约化、规划策略
Keyword: Compact city，Integrated transportation hub，Intensification，Planning strategies
中图分类号：TU981
文献标识码: A
资金资助
住房城乡建设部2016年科学技术项目计划——研究开发项目（城市规划与城市设计） “铁路客运交通枢纽地区集约化城市设计技术与应用” 2016-K2—030
[1]麦克•詹克斯，伊丽莎白•伯顿，凯蒂•威廉姆斯.紧缩城市——一种可持续发展的城市形态[M]. 周玉鹏，龙洋，楚先锋，译. 北京：中国建筑工业出版社，2004.
JENKS M, BURTON E, WILLIAMS K. The compact city: a sustainable urban form? [M]. ZHOU Yupeng, LONG Yang, CHU Xianfeng, translate. Beijing: China Architecture & Building Press, 2004.
[2]郑德高，杜宝东. 寻求节点交通价值与城市功能价值的平衡——探讨国内外高铁车站与机场等交通枢纽地区发展的理论与实践[J]. 国际城市规划，2007，22（1）：72-76.
ZHENG Degao, DU Baodong. Looking for the balance between transport value of node and functional value of city: discussing theory and practice in the development of airport area and high speed rail station area[J]. Urban Planning International, 2007, 22(1): 72-76.
[3]BREHENY M. Urban compaction: feasible and acceptable[J]. Cities, 1997, 14 (4)：209-217.
[4]海道清信. 紧凑型城市的规划与设计[M]. 苏利英译. 北京：中国建筑工业出版社，2010.
KAIDO Kiyonobu. Planning and design for compact cities[M]. SU Liying, translate.Beijing: China Architecture & Building Press, 2010.
[5]RUEDA S. City models: basic indicators[M]. Quaderns, 2000.
[6]総務省統計局. 統計でみる市区町村のすがた[R]. 2018.
[7]彰国社.新京都站[M]. 郭晓明，译， 北京：中国建筑工业出版社，2003.
SHOKOKUSHA. The new Kyoto station[M]. GUO Xiaoming, translate. Beijing: China Architecture &Building Press, 2003.
[8]住房和城乡建设部. 城市轨道沿线地区规划设计导则[S]. 2015.
Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development. Planning guideline for urban rail transit region[S]. 2015.
[9]牛韶斐. 紧凑城市理念下地铁站综合体设计研究[D]. 西安：西南交通大学，2014.
NIU Shaofei. The design research of subway station complex based on the concept of compact city[D]. Xi'an：Southwest Jiaotong University, 2014.
[10]HANSON W. How accessibility shapes land use[J]. Journal of the American Institute of Planners, 1959, 25(2): 73-76.
[11BRUINSMA F, RIETVELD P. The accessibility of European cities: theoretical framework and comparison of approaches[J]. Journal of Environment and Planning A, 1998, 30(3): 499-521.
[12]BERTOLINI L, CLERCQ LE F, KAPOEN L L. Sustainable accessibility: a conceptual framework to integrate transport and land use plan-making. Two test-applications in the Netherlands and a reflection on the way forward[J]. Journal of Transport Policy, 2005, 12(3): 207-220.
[13]李平华，陆玉麒. 可达性研究的回顾与展望[J]. 地理科学进展，2005（3）：69-78.
LI Pinghua,LU Yuqi. Review and prospectation of accessibility research[J]. Progress in Geography, 2005(3): 69-78.
[14]刘贤腾. 空间可达性研究综述[J]. 城市交通，2007，5（6）：36-43.
LIU Xianteng. General description of spatial accessbility[J]. Urban Transport of China, 2007, 5(6): 36-43.
[15]盛志前，赵波平. 基于轨道交通换乘的枢纽交通设计方法研究[J]. 城市规划，2004（10）：87-90.
SHENG Zhiqian, ZHAO Boping. Methodology of transport junction design based on the exchange in railed transport[J]. City Planning Review, 2004(10): 87-90.
[16]王晶，陆化普，曾坚. 基于绿色换乘的高铁枢纽接驳体系建构[J]. 城市规划，2014，38（11）：71-77.
WANG Jing, LU Huapu, ZENG Jian. Integrated transfer system of high-speed rail hub based on sustainable transfer[J]. City Planning Review, 2014, 38(11): 71-77.
[17]日建设计站城一体化研究会. 站城一体化——新一代公共交通指向型城市建设[M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社，2014.
Japanese Construction Design Research Institute of Station-City. Integrated station-city development: the next advances of TOD[M]. Beijing: China Architecture & Building Press, 2014.
[18]孙玉. 集约化的城市土地利用与交通发展模式[M]. 上海：同济大学出版社，2010.
SUN Yu. Intensive development model of urban land use and transport[M]. Shanghai: Tongji University Press, 2010.
[19]胡映东. 城市大型交通枢纽地区开发设计[D]. 上海：同济大学，2010.
HU Yingdong. Urban major transportation hub area development and design[D]. Shanghai: Tongji University, 2010.
[20]李松涛. 高铁客运站站区空间形态研究[D]. 天津：天津大学，2009.
LI Songtao. Research for space pattern in area of high-speed railway station[D]. Tianjin: Tianjin University, 2009.
[21]王晶. 基于绿色换乘的高铁枢纽交通接驳规划理论研究[D]. 天津：天津大学，2011.
WANG Jing. Research on the theory of high-speed rail hub transfer links planning based on the “sustainable transfer”[D]. Tianjin: Tianjin University, 2011.
[22]殷铭，汤晋，段进. 站点地区开发与城市空间的协同发展[J]. 国际城市规划，2013，28（3）：70-77.
YIN Ming, TANG Jin, DUAN Jin. The synergy of high-speed railway station areas and urban space development[J]. Urban Planning International, 2013, 28(3): 70-77.
[23]胡昂. 日本枢纽型车站建设及周边城市开发[M]. 成都：四川大学出版社，2016.
HU Ang. The construction of hub stations and development of surrounding regions in Japan[M]. Chengdu: Sichuan University Press, 2016.
