我国主要城市的城市病综合测度及特征分析*
The Comprehensive Evaluation and Analysis on Urban Problems of Major Cities in China
施益军
浙江农林大学风景园林与建筑学院 讲师，博士
鲁钰雯
南京大学建筑与城市规划学院 博士研究生
刘宏波
中规院（北京）规划设计公司 硕士
周姝天
南京大学建筑与城市规划学院 博士研究生
翟国方（通讯作者）
南京大学建筑与城市规划学院 教授，博士生导师
摘要: 基于我国目前城市存在的主要问题，从6大表现层面构建城市病综合指数评价的框架体系，选取6个一级指标和39个二级评价指标，并以全国31个主要城市为例，测度我国主要城市的城市病综合指数，按照城市病指数的高低将城市病划分为5个等级，分析城市病指数的一般特征。在此基础上，进一步分析城市病与经济水平、土地规模、城镇化速率、产业机构和科技水平的关系。结果显示，城市病是个综合问题，城市病指数的高低与经济发展水平和土地规模呈现明显的相关关系，与城镇人口规模、产业结构和科技水平无明显相关关系。一方面扩充了我国城市病定量化研究的指标体系和方法，另一方面为选取的样本城市的城市病改善和治理提供借鉴和参考。
Abstract: Aiming at identifying the major problems in urban development in China, this paper proposes an indicator-based evaluation system from 6 main aspects, which includes 6 primary index and 39 secondary indicators. This research takes 31 major Chinese cities as examples to evaluate their comprehensive index of urban problems and classifies them into 5 grades. On this basis, the article further analyzes the relationship between urban diseases and economic level, land size, urbanization rate, industrial institutions, and science and technology level in urban problems. The results show that urban problems are comprehensive. All sample cities and towns have urban problems of different degrees. The level of urban problems index has a significant correlation with the level of economic development and land size, and there is no obvious relationship with urbanization rate, industrial structure, and scientific and technological level. This research enriches the development of quantitative methodology in China, and offers references for the sample cities in improving their urban quality.
关键词：城市病、评价体系、综合测度、熵值法、特征分析
Keyword: Urban problems， Evaluation system，Comprehensive assessment，Entropy method， Characteristic analysis
中图分类号：TU981
文献标识码: A
资金资助
国家自然科学基金项目 “基于‘介入机会’理论的特大城市‘居住—就业’出行模型及空间匹配度研究” 51308280
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