上海市环城绿带的游憩转型潜力分析及策略*
Recreation Transformation Potential Assessment and Strategy of Greenbelt in Shanghai
刘 颂
同济大学建筑与城市规划学院 高密度人居环境生态与节能教育部重点实验室 教授，博士，博士生导师
赖思琪
同济大学建筑与城市规划学院 硕士研究生
李春晖
上海市浦东新区规划设计研究院 工程师，硕士
摘要: 随着中心城区建设用地蔓延至环城绿带以外区域，环城绿带由位于城郊边缘区的绿带转为中心城区内部绿带，面临由抑制城市扩张向游憩型绿带的转型。通过建立以游憩需求度、交通便捷度、游憩聚集度为核心指标的上海市环城绿带游憩转型评估体系，利用道路、人口、服务设施的POI等多源数据综合评估，发现具有较高转型潜力的重点区域。提出建立“主题公园+城市公园+社区公园”的环城公园体系，贯通全线外环绿道，加强配套服务设施，优化植被景观等策略。
Abstract: As the built land in the central urban area sprawls to the areas outside the green belt, the green belt is facing the transformation from inhibiting urban expansion to supporting recreational functions. By establishing an evaluation system for recreation transformation of the green belt around Shanghai, which takes recreation demand degree, traffic convenience degree and recreation aggregation degree as core indexes, several critical areas with high transformation potential are identified through the comprehensive evaluation of multi-source data. On this basis, this paper puts forward several strategies, such as establishing a "theme park + city park + community park" system, connecting all greenways, strengthening supporting service facilities, and optimizing vegetation landscape, etc.
关键词：环城绿带 | 游憩 | POI | 潜力评估 | 转型策略
Keyword: Greenbelt | Recreation | Point of interest | Potential assessment | Transformation strategy
中图分类号：TU981
文献标识码: A
资金资助
国家重点研发计划课题 “绿色基础设施生态系统服务功能提升与生态安全格局构建” 2017YFC0505705
鹿金东，吴国强，余思澄，等. 上海环城绿带建设实践初析[J]. 中国园林，1999（2）：44-46.
LU Jindong, WU Guoqiang, YU Sicheng, et al. A preliminary analysis of the construction practice of greenbelt around Shanghai[J]. Chinese Landscape Architecture, 1999 (2): 44-46.
上海市人民政府. 上海市城市总体规划（2017—2035年）[R]. 2017.
Shanghai Municipal People's Government. Shanghai master plan (2017-2035)[R]. 2017.
李萌. 基于居民行为需求特征的“15分钟社区生活圈”规划对策研究[J]. 城市规划学刊，2017（1）：111-118.
LI Meng. The planning strategies of a 15-minute community life circle based on behaviors of residents[J]. Urban Planning Forum, 2017 (1): 111-118.
ABERCROMBIE P. Greater London plan[R]. 1944.
JUN Y, ZHOU J. The failure and success of greenbelt program in Beijing[J]. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 2007, 6 (4): 287-296.
潘霞. 城乡统筹实践下的成都“198”（环城绿地）规划[D]. 北京：清华大学，2013.
PAN Xia. Urban and rural plan as a whole under the practice of '198' (city greenbelt) planning in Chengdu[D]. Beijing: Tsinghua University, 2013.
沈沉沉. 上海市环城绿带生态系统服务功能评价及其价值评估[D]. 上海：华东师范大学，2011.
SHEN Chenchen. Assessment and evaluation of ecosystem services in Shanghai green belt[D]. Shanghai: East China Normal University, 2011.
李文，张林，李莹. 哈尔滨城市公园可达性和服务效率分析[J]. 中国园林，2010，26（8）：59-62.
LI Wen, ZHANG Lin, LI Ying. Accessibility and service efficiency of Harbin's urban parks[J]. Chinese Landscape Architecture, 2010, 26 (8): 59-62.
朱高栎. 基于公平性视角的城市公园可达性研究[D]. 合肥：合肥工业大学，2017.
ZHU Gaoli. A study on the accessibility of urban parks from the perspective of justice[D]. Hefei: Hefei University of Technology, 2017.
张运吉，朴永吉. 关于影响绿地吸引力因素的研究——以中国济南市、泰安市为例[J]. 中国园林，2012（5）：104-108.
ZHANG Yunji, PIAO Yongji. Study on factors influencing the attraction of green space: with Jinan and Tai'an in China as the examples[J]. Chinese Landscape Architecture, 2012 (5): 104-108.
DONAHUE M L, KEELER B L, WOOD S A, et al. Using social media to understand drivers of urban park visitation in the Twin Cities, MN[J]. Landscape and Urban Planning, 2018 (175): 1-10.
李晓萍，李平，吕大国，等. 经济集聚、选择效应与企业生产率[J]. 管理世界，2015 (4): 25-37.
LI Xiaoping, LI Ping, LYU Daguo, et al. Economic agglomeration, selection effect and enterprise productivity[J]. Management World, 2015 (4): 25-37.
龙涛. 上海中心城区游客兴趣点（POI）时空分布特征研究[D]. 上海：上海师范大学，2016.
LONG Tao. Temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of tourist interest points (POI) in Shanghai central city[D]. Shanghai: Shanghai Normal University, 2016.
房佳萱. 基于POI的深圳市南山区步行可达性评价研究[D]. 哈尔滨：哈尔滨工业大学，2017.
FANG Jiaxuan. Research of walking accessibility based on POI in Nanshan district, Shenzhen[D]. Harbin: Harbin Institute of Technology, 2017.
黄圣安，李玮峰，杨东援. 基于POI数据的上海市基础医疗设施可达性分析[J]. 综合运输，2017（5）：80-84.
HUANG Sheng'an, LI Weifeng, YANG Dongyuan. Transport accessibility of community health service based on the point-of-interests (POIs) data: a case study of Shanghai[J]. China Transportation Review, 2017 (5): 80-84.
陈名娇. 基于微博数据的深圳市居民生活空间研究[D]. 深圳：深圳大学，2017.
CHEN Mingjiao. Research on living space of Shenzhen residents based on Weibo data[D]. Shenzhen: Shenzhen University, 2017.
叶晟之. 基于POI数据分析的商务产业集聚区的分布特征及关联因素研究——以南京为例[J]. 建筑与文化，2017（6）：152-155.
YE Shengzhi. Distribution characteristics and connected factors of the agglomeration area of business industry based on POI in Nanjing[J]. Architecture & Culture, 2017 (6): 152-155.
焦耀，刘望保，石恩名. 基于多源POI数据下的广州市商业业态空间分布及其机理研究[J]. 城市观察，2015（6）：86-96.
JIAO Yao, LIU Wangbao, SHI Enming. Research on the spatial distribution and mechanism of commercial activities of Guangzhou based upon multi-source POI data[J]. Urban Insight, 2015 (6): 86-96.
劳动报. 上海环城绿带首条示范绿道免费开放，全长超过14公里[EB/OL]. （2016-12-14） [2019-05-30]. http://sh.sina.com.cn/news/b/2016-12-14/detail-ifxypipt1302256.shtml?t=1481709738079.
Labour Daily. The first demonstration greenway in Shanghai green belt is free and open for more than 14 kilometers [EB/OL]. (2016-12-14) [2019-05-30]. http://sh.sina.com.cn/news/b/2016-12-14/detail-ifxypipt1302256.shtml?t=1481709738079.
