以郊野公园为抓手，推进国土综合整治和提升区域资源环境承载力——上海的实践
Taking the Country Park as an Approach to Promote Territory Comprehensive Consolidation and Regional Resources and Environment Carrying Capacity: The Action in Shanghai
程剑敏
上海市城市规划建筑设计工程有限公司 助理工程师，硕士
摘要: 国土综合整治是提升区域资源环境承载力、调适人与国土关系、推进生态文明建设、统筹城乡发展的重要工具和平台。通过梳理土地整治的历史脉络、明晰国土综合整治的主要特征，并在此基础上对上海探索国土综合整治的典型模式——郊野公园进行全面剖析，对其发展历程、功能定位、实施机制与配套政策进行总结，并就其对区域资源环境承载力的提升作用进行分析。结果表明，郊野公园在资源系统、环境系统和社会系统3个方面综合提升了区域资源环境承载力，郊野公园在生态文明建设、乡村振兴、城乡统筹等方面取得初步成效。
Abstract: Territory comprehensive consolidation is an important tool and platform for enhancing resources and environment carrying capacity, adjusting the relationship between territory and citizens, promoting the construction of ecological civilization, and balancing the development of cities and suburbs. On the basis of combing the historical context of land reclamation and the main features of territory comprehensive consolidation, this article has made an overall analysis on the Shanghai country park which is a typical mode of territory comprehensive consolidation in Shanghai, including its development process, functions, implementation mechanisms, supporting policies and its role in enhancing resources and environment carrying capacity. The results show that the country park has helped to improve resources and environment carrying capacity in recourse system, environmental system and social system, achieving primary effects in ecological civilization construction, rural revitalization and urban-rural integration.
关键词：国土综合整治 | 资源环境承载力 | 郊野公园 | 上海
Keyword: Territory comprehensive consolidation | Resources and environment carrying capacity | Country park | Shanghai
中图分类号：TU981
文献标识码: A
严金明，张雨榴，马春光. 新时期国土综合整治的内涵辨析与功能定位[J]. 土地经济研究，2017（1）：14-24.
YAN Jinming, ZHANG Yuliu, MA Chunguang. Discriminating comprehensive land consolidation in the new era[J]. Journal of Land Economics, 2017(1): 14-24.
国土资源部土地整治中心. 中国土地整治发展研究报告[M]. 北京：社会科学文献出版社，2014.
The Land Arrangement Center of Ministry of Land and Resources of the PRC. Research report on land consolidation and rehabilitation of China [M]. Beijing: Social Sciences Academic Press, 2014.
王威，贾文涛. 生态文明理念下的国土综合整治与生态保护修复[J]. 中国土地，2019（5）：29-31.
WANG Wei, JIA Wentao. Territory comprehensive consolidation and ecological protection and restoration under the concept of ecological civilization [J]. China Land, 2019(5): 29-31.
上海市金山区人民政府. 上海市金山区廊下镇郊野单元规划（2014—2020年）[R]. 2014.
Shanghai Jinshan District People's Government. Countryside unit planning of Langxia Town, Jinshan District, Shanghai(2014-2020) [R]. 2014.
长兴岛开发建设管理委员会.上海市长兴郊野单元（长兴岛郊野公园）规划[R]. 2014.
Shanghai Changxing Island Development and Construction Management Committee. Shanghai Changxing countryside unit (Changxing Island country park) planning [R]. 2014.
上海市闵行区人民政府. 上海市浦江郊野单元（郊野公园）规划[R]. 2014.
Shanghai Minhang District People's Government. Shanghai Pujiang countryside unit (country park) planning [R].2014.
上海市嘉定区人民政府. 上海市嘉北郊野单元（郊野公园）规划[R]. 2013.
Shanghai Jiading District People's Government. Shanghai Jiabei countryside unit (country park) planning[R]. 2013.
上海市青浦区人民政府. 上海市青西郊野单元（郊野公园）规划[R]. 2013.
Shanghai Qingpu District People's Government. Shanghai Qingxi countryside unit (country park) planning [R]. 2013.
上海市松江区人民政府. 上海市广富林郊野单元（郊野公园）规划修编（2016—2020 年）[R]. 2017.
Shanghai Songjiang District People's Government. Shanghai Guangfulin countryside unit (country park) planning revised[R]. 2017.
上海市松江区人民政府. 上海市松南郊野单元（郊野公园）规划[R]. 2014.
Shanghai Songjiang District People's Government. Shanghai Songnan countryside unit (Country Park) planning [R]. 2014.
封志明，杨艳昭，闫慧敏，等. 百年来的资源环境承载力研究：从理论到实践[J]. 资源科学，2017，39（3）：379-395.
FENG Zhiming, YANG Yanzhao, YAN Huimin, et al. A review of resources and environment carrying capacity research since the 20th century：from theory to practice[J]. Resources Science, 2017, 39(3): 379-395.
封志明，李鹏. 承载力概念的源起与发展：基于资源环境视角的讨论[J]. 自然资源学报，2018，33（9）：1475-1489.
FENG Zhiming, LI Peng. The genesis and evolution of the concept of carrying capacity: a view of natural resources and environment[J]. Journal of Natural Resources, 2018, 33(9): 1475-1489.
封志明. 土地承载力研究的起源与发展[J]. 资源科学，1993，15（6）：74-79.
FENG Zhiming. The origin and development of land carrying capacity[J]. Resources Science, 1993, 15(6): 74-79.
施雅风，曲耀光. 乌鲁木齐河流域水资源承载力及其合理利用[M]. 北京：科学出版社，1992.
SHI Yafeng, QYU Yaoguang. The carrying capacity of water resources and its reasonable use of Urumqi River [M]. Beijing: Science Press, 1992.
唐剑武，郭怀成，叶文虎. 环境承载力及其在环境规划中的初步应用[J]. 中国环境科学，1997，17（1）：6-9.
TANG Jianwu, GUO Huaicheng, YE Wenhu. Environmental bearing capacity and its application on environmental planning[J]. China Environmental Science, 1997, 17(1): 6-9.
王奕淇，李国平. 基于能值拓展的流域生态外溢价值补偿研究——以渭河流域上游为例[J]. 中国人口•资源与环境，2016，11（26）：69-75.
WANG Yiqi, LI Guoping. Study of watershed spillover ecological value compensation based on expansion emergy: a case of Weihe watershed upstream[J]. China Population, Resources and Environment, 2016, 11(26): 69-75.
张志强，徐中民，程国栋. 生态足迹的概念及计算模型[J]. 生态经济，2000（10）：8-10.
ZHANG Zhiqiang, XU Zhongmin, CHENG Guodong. The concept of ecological ' footprints' and computer models[J]. Ecological Economy, 2000 (10): 8-10.
卢亚丽，徐帅帅，沈镭. 河南省资源环境承载力的时空差异研究[J]. 干旱区资源与环境，2019，33（2）：16-21.
LU Yali, XU Shuaishuai, SHEN Lei. Spatial and temporal differences of resource and environmental carrying capacityin Henan Province[J]. Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment, 2019, 33(2): 16-21.
秦成，王红旗，田雅楠，等. 资源环境承载力评价指标研究[J]. 中国人口•资源与环境，2011，21（S2）：335-338.
QIN Cheng, WANG Hongqi, TIAN Ya'nan, et al. Study on evaluation indexes of resources and environmental carrying capability[J]. China Population, Resources and Environment, 2011, 21(S2): 335-338.
