农业型小城镇发展策略研究*
Research on Development Strategies for Agricultural Small Towns
段德罡
西安建筑科技大学建筑学院 陕西省村镇建设研究中心 教授，博士生导师
赵 潇
西安建筑科技大学建筑学院 硕士研究生
摘要: 我国农业型小城镇量大面广，是推动我国城乡全面发展应该关注的重点，然而当前其发展遭遇瓶颈。通过政策、学理、实践3个层面进行探讨，梳理出农业型小城镇应以发挥服务带动作用和承担农业转移人口为基本使命，以此构建转变目标、调整动力、明确主体、优化空间的发展思路；进而以杨陵五泉镇为例研究其发展建设经验，并针对性地提出发展策略，以期为其他农业型小城镇提供借鉴。新形势下农业型小城镇应以农业为基础，适时引入现代农业技术，培育新型职业农民，提高劳动生产率以释放农业人口；统筹布局全域空间，以更少的空间资源推动更大的效益产出；调整与乡村互动发展的关系，真正发挥对农业农村发展的带动作用，实现镇村一体化发展局面。
Abstract: China's agricultural small towns are numerous and widely dispersed, which are the emphasis on promoting the overall development of China's urban and rural areas. However, their development has encountered bottlenecks. This study explores related policies, theories and practices, and puts forward that small agricultural towns should take the role of improving services and receiving agricultural population, thus building the development ideas of changing goals, adjusting motivation, clarifying subjects and optimizing spaces. Further, this paper takes Yangling Wuquan Town as an example to study its development and construction experience, and proposes specific development strategies, in order to provide references for other agricultural small towns. The study believes that small agricultural towns should take agriculture as the basic, timely introduce modern agricultural technology, cultivate professional farmers, and increase labor productivity. Besides, they should coordinate the layout to promote greater benefits with fewer space resources, and adjust the relationship with suburbs to promote and achieve the integration of towns and villages.
关键词：农业型小城镇 | 镇村融合 | 农科引领 | 农民主体 | 五泉镇
Keyword: Agricultural small town | Town and village integration | Agricultural lead | Farmer subject | Wuquan Town
中图分类号：TU981
文献标识码: A
资金资助
陕西省重点研发计划重点项目 “陕西省特色小镇发展路径研究” 2018ZDXM-SF-098
解锰，石萌. 都市农业型小城镇发展探析[J]. 小城镇建设，2013（5）：96-99，104.
XIE Meng, SHI Meng. Analysis on the development of urban agricultural small towns[J]. Development of Small Cities & Towns, 2013 (5): 96-99, 104.
张丽梅，许倩瑛，高相铎. 对农业型城镇城镇化发展的思考[J]. 小城镇建设，2007（8）：46-47.
ZHANG Limei, XU Qianying, GAO Xiangduo. Reflections on the development of urbanization of agricultural towns[J]. Development of Small Cities & Towns, 2007 (8): 46-47.
陈前虎，宋珍兰，宋炳坚，等. 浙江省农业型小城镇转型发展思路[J]. 浙江工业大学学报（社会科学版），2011，10（3）：272-276.
CHEN Qianhu, SONG Zhenlan, SONG Bingjian, et al. Ideas and countermeasures of the agriculture-based small towns' transitional development in Zhejiang[J]. Journal of Zhejiang University of Technology (Socsial Science Edition), 2011, 10 (3): 272-276.
陈江龙，高金龙，卫云龙. 工业化、城镇化和农业现代化“三化融合”的内涵与机制——以江苏省为例[J]. 农业现代化研究，2013，34（3）：274-278.
CHEN Jianglong, GAO Jinlong, WEI Yunlong. Connotation and mechanism of integration of industrialization, urbanization and agricultural modernization: taking Jiangsu Province as an example[J]. Research of Agricultural Modernization, 2013, 34 (3): 274-278.
刘玉. 农业现代化与城镇化协调发展研究[J]. 城市发展研究，2007（6）：37-40.
LIU Yu. The relations between agricultural modernization and urbanization[J]. Urban Studies, 2007 (6): 37-40.
谢天成，施祖麟. 城镇化与农业现代化协调发展研究——以昆山市为例[J]. 农业现代化研究，2015，36（6）：921-926.
XIE Tiancheng, SHI Zulin. Coordinated development between urbanization and agricultural modernization: a case study in Kunshan City[J]. Research of Agricultural Modernization, 2015, 36 (6): 921-926.
杨忠信，马金莲，肖希清. 宁夏农业型城镇发展研究[J]. 农业科学研究，2012，33（1）：92-94.
YANG Zhongxin, MA Jinlian, XIAO Xiqing. Research on the development of agricultural-town in Ningxia[J]. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2012, 33 (1): 92-94.
熊小林. 聚焦乡村振兴战略，探究农业农村现代化方略——“乡村振兴战略研讨会”会议综述[J]. 中国农村经济，2018（1）：138-143.
XIONG Xiaolin. Focusing on rural revitalization strategy, exploring the strategy of agricultural and rural modernization: a summary of the conference on "Village Revitalization Strategy"[J]. Chinese Rural Economy, 2018 (1): 138-143.
中国科学院可持续发展战略研究小组. 2005中国可持续发展战略报告[M]. 北京：科学出版社，2005.
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sustainable Development Strategy Research Group. 2005 China sustainable development strategy report[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 2005.
谭国雄. 借鉴发达国家农业现代化经验我国农业现代化应处理好六大关系[J]. 农业现代化研究，2005（1）：62-65.
TAN Guoxiong. Studying agricultural modernization experience of developed countries, managing six pairs of relations in agricultural modernization of China[J]. Research of Agricultural Modernization, 2005 (1): 62-65.
宗会来. 以色列发展现代农业的经验[J]. 世界农业，2016（11）：136-143.
ZONG Huilai. Israel's experience in developing modern agriculture[J]. World Agriculture, 2016 (11): 136-143.
郭新天. 德国城市规划和小城镇建设的经验与启示[J]. 小城镇建设，2001（6）：74-76.
GUO Xintian. Experience and enlightenment of German urban planning and small town construction[J]. Development of Small Cities & Towns, 2001 (6): 74-76.
段德罡，郑自程，杨茹. 五泉模式，以农为本的回归[J]. 小城镇建设，2018，36（9）：66-72.
DUAN Degang, ZHENG Zicheng, YANG Ru. The development model of Wuquan Town, a return to agriculture[J]. Development of Small Cities & Towns, 2018, 36 (9): 66-72.
