基于人流活动特征的城市空间结构研究* ——以厦门市为例
Research on Urban Spatial Structure Based on the Characteristics of Crowd Movement: A Case Study of Xiamen
黄建中
同济大学建筑与城市规划学院， 高密度人居环境生态与节能教育部重点实验室 教授，博士生导师
许晔丹
新城控股集团 硕士
胡刚钰（通讯作者）
上海同济城市规划设计研究院有限公司 工程师，硕士
摘要: 借鉴城市网络研究的理论与方法，基于LBS大数据，从人流活动特征的视角对厦门市的空间结构特征展开研究。以厦门本地人群、漳州人群、泉州人群和全国旅游商务人群4大类人群在厦门市内活动形成的网络体系来反映城市空间结构的实质特征，包括人流活动中心的分布，以及活动中心之间的关联特征等。研究表明，厦门市的中心体系具有“多点网络化”特征，外围组团对人群的分流作用尚不明显，本岛“一核独大”。组团内部的高强度联系中心包括商业中心、大型交通枢纽、大型住区、旅游景点、高校片区、工业园等，主要分布在厦门本岛。总体来看，厦门市多中心的空间结构尚未充分形成。厦门岛外4大新城不仅要在未来发展中致力于保证组团规模来增强独立性、尽量维持相对较高的职住平衡水平，构建综合服务齐全的“城市副中心”，还要承担“承内启外”的角色，构筑面向厦漳泉地区的发展“桥头堡”。
Abstract: Drawing on the theory and method of urban network research, based on LBS big data, this paper studies the characteristics of spatial structure of Xiamen from the perspective of the characteristics of crowd movement. The network system formed by Xiamen local population, Zhangzhou population, Quanzhou population and national tourism and business population in Xiamen reflects the essential characteristics of urban spatial structure, including the distribution of activity centers and the correlation characteristics among these centers. The study shows that the central system of Xiamen has the characteristics of multi-point network, but the outside districts are not so strong. The Island is one core alone. The high-intensity connect centers include commercial centers, large-scale transportation hubs, large-scale residential areas, tourist attractions, university areas, industrial districts and so on, which are mainly distributed in Xiamen Island. Generally speaking, the multi-center spatial structure of Xiamen has not yet been fully formed. The study suggests that the four new towns outside Xiamen Island should not only devote themselves to ensuring the size to enhance independence, maintain a relatively high level of occupational-residential balance, and build a city sub-center with complete comprehensive services, but also assume the role of connecting the inside and the outside to build a bridgehead for the development of Xiamen-Zhangzhou-Quanzhou metropolitan area in the future.
关键词：人流活动特征 | 城市空间结构 | LBS大数据 | 厦门 | 厦漳泉
Keyword: Characteristics of crowd movement | Urban spatial structure | LBS big data | Xiamen | Xia-Zhang-Quan
中图分类号：TU981
文献标识码: A
资金资助
上海同济城市规划设计研究院有限公司科研课题 “基于交通情景模拟的大城市‘空间结构—交通模式’耦合与优化研究” KY-2016-YB-07
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