在游戏中成长：英国的儿童游戏环境营造经验*
Growing up through Play: Experience of Creating Children's Play Environments in the UK
董 慰
哈尔滨工业大学建筑学院，寒地城乡人居环境 科学与技术工业和信息化部重点实验室 副教授，博士生导师
董 禹（通信作者）
哈尔滨工业大学建筑学院，寒地城乡人居环境 科学与技术工业和信息化部重点实验室 副教授，博士
闫慧中
哈尔滨工业大学建筑学院，寒地城乡人居环境 科学与技术工业和信息化部重点实验室
摘要: 创建儿童友好型城市，为儿童营造有益于成长的城市环境已经逐渐成为全世界的共识。游戏是儿童成长的重要方式，保障儿童游戏的权利、创造自由安全的游戏环境是整个社会的必要责任。英国通过政策制定、规划设计和社会参与等多种方式，为儿童建设游戏友好的城市环境，充分保护儿童游戏权利，提供多样的游戏空间与丰富的游戏机会。通过回顾英国儿童游戏环境的发展历程，提炼出政策制定、空间营造和社会支持等方面的经验，包括威尔士、英格兰与苏格兰的儿童游戏政策，城市中正式与非正式游戏空间的营造特点，以及由游戏组织、游戏工作者、社区与家庭共同努力而形成的广泛社会支持，并从这3个方面为我国儿童健康发展与儿童友好型城市建设提出建议。
Abstract: It has become a worldwide consensus to create a child-friendly city and an urban environment conducive to children's growth. Playing is an important way for children to grow up. It is the necessary responsibility of the whole society to protect children's right to play and to create a free and safe play environment. Through policy formulation, planning and design, and social participation, the UK has built a play-friendly environment for children, in which children's right to play is fully protected, and various spaces and rich opportunities for play are provided. This paper reviews the development progress of children's play environments in the UK, and sums up the experience in policy formulation, space creation and social support, including the children's play policy in Wales, England and Scotland, characteristics of formal and informal play space in the city, as well as the wide range of social support from the joint efforts of play organizations, playworkers, communities and families. Finally, enlightenment and suggestions from these three aspects are put forward for the healthy development of children and child-friendly city construction in our country.
关键词：儿童游戏空间；儿童友好型城市；儿童权利；规划设计；英国
Keyword: children's play space; child-friendly cities; children's right; planning and design; the United Kingdom
中图分类号：TU981
文献标识码: A
资金资助
国家自然科学基金项目 “公共健康导向的东北老工业区住区更新决策支持系统研究” 51878204
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