中国乡村建成环境对肥胖的影响：基于村民BMI数据的实证*
The Impact of Rural Built Environment on Obesity in China: An Empirical Study Based on BMI Data of Villagers
姚夏劼
华东师范大学 中国行政区划研究中心 城市与区域科学学院 硕士研究生
尹 春
华东师范大学 中国行政区划研究中心 城市与区域科学学院 博士
仲 政
华东师范大学 统计学院
孙斌栋（通信作者）
华东师范大学 中国行政区划研究中心 城市与区域科学学院 教授，博士生导师
摘要: 随着我国经济快速发展，乡村居民的肥胖问题日益严峻。乡村建成环境是影响村民行为和健康的重要因素之一，但我国学术界对此问题的讨论较少。在此背景下，基于2012年中国劳动力动态调查数据，采用多层次线性回归模型检验乡村建成环境因素对村民身体质量指数（BMI）的影响。研究发现，控制社会经济属性后，人口密度、村到乡镇的距离与村民BMI呈显著负相关，而公交站密度与村民BMI呈显著正相关。但健身设施与村民BMI并没有显著的相关性。这些结论表明，乡村建成环境与肥胖关系不同于我国城市地区，因此在制定健康政策时，需要从乡村实际出发，合理优化乡村建成环境。
Abstract: With the rapid development of China's economy, the obesity problem of rural residents is increasingly serious. Rural built environment is one of the important factors that affect the behavior and health of villagers, but there is little discussion on this issue in China's academic circles. In this context, based on the data of China's labor force dynamic survey in 2012, the multilevel linear regression model was used to test the impact of rural built environmental factors on villagers' BMI. The results show that population density and the distance from villages to the township are significantly negatively correlated with BMI, while the density of bus station is significantly positively correlated with BMI. In addition, there is no significant correlation between fitness facilities and villagers' BMI. The results indicate that the relation between the built environment and obesity in rural areas is different from that in urban areas in China. Therefore, when making health policies, we need to proceed from the reality of rural areas and optimize the rural built environment rationally.
关键词：建成环境；健康；超重；身体质量指数；农村；中国
Keyword: built environment; health; overweight; body mass index; rural area; China
中图分类号：TU984
文献标识码: A
资金资助
国家自然科学基金项目 “中国城市建成环境对居民肥胖的影响及其机制分析”
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