基于火灾风险评估的城市消防设施选址优化研究 ——以广东省高州市中心城区为例
Location Optimization of Urban Fire Facilities Based on Fire Risk Assessment:A Case Study of Urban Center in Gaozhou, Guangdong
徐志标
广东省建科建筑设计院有限公司 高级工程师，硕士
萧颖莹（通信作者）
广东省建科建筑设计院有限公司 助理工程师
摘要: 城市消防是城市建设和经济发展的保障，是城市中公共安全体系的重要内容。以广东省高州市中心城区作为研究区域，选取城市区域环境、火灾危害程度和防护能力等因子，运用层次分析法、主成分分析法和核密度分析法进行城市火灾风险评估，同时采用区位—配置模型中最小化设施点数模型和最大化覆盖范围模型，在对高州市中心城区现存1座消防站和规划预留6座消防站的评估基础上进行模拟并优化布局，提出新增5座消防站以保证高州市中心城区97.52%的区域得到消防保护。
Abstract: Urban fire protection is necessary for urban construction and economic development, and it is an important part of the urban public safety system. Taking the central city of Gaozhou in Guangdong as the research area, in view of factors such as urban environment, fire hazard degree and protection ability, this paper assesses the urban fire risk with analytic hierarchy process, principal component analysis and kernel density analysis, and uses the minimized facilities algorithm and maximized coverage algorithm of location-allocation model. Based on the assessment of one existing fire station and six planned fire stations in Gaozhou central city, it is concluded that Gaozhou central city needs to add five fire stations to ensure 97.52% of the central city area being protected from fire.
关键词：火灾风险评估；区位—配置模型；空间分析；消防站；高州市中心城区
Keyword: fire risk assessment; location-allocation model; spatial analysis; fire station; Gaozhou Central City
中图分类号：TU984
文献标识码: A
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