住区密度与居住满意度相关性研究* ——以上海曹杨新村为例
Correlation between Residential Density and Residence Satisfaction: A Case Study of Caoyang New Village in Shanghai
洪 成
上海同济城市规划设计研究院有限公司 工程师，硕士
王伟强（通信作者）
同济大学建筑与城市规划学院 教授，博士生导师
摘要: 以上海曹杨新村为研究对象，通过入户问卷调研了54个住区中的1 012个家庭样本，对住区密度与居住满意度之间关系进行研究。结果表明：人均居住面积对住宅空间满意度、住区环境满意度具有正向影响；套型密度对住区环境满意度具有负向影响，对邻里交往满意度具有正向影响；绿地率对住区环境满意度、邻里交往满意度具有正向影响；容积率对居住满意度的影响则更为复杂。在此基础上分析基于居住满意度的住区密度模式，发现曹杨新村的住区开发呈现出历时性演变特征，2000年之后以高层高密度、大户型为主导模式，而这种模式不利于居住满意度的提高。未来的住区规划应从居住感受出发，重视密度的社会内涵，进行整体性认识与密度指标控制，考虑多元目标的平衡与协调，形成多样化的住区密度类型。
Abstract: This paper takes Caoyang New Village in Shanghai as the research object. It investigates 1 012 residential samples through the household questionnaire, and studies the relationship between residential density and residence satisfaction. The results show that the living area per capita has a positive impact on the satisfaction of residential space and environment. The pattern density has a negative impact on the satisfaction of residential environment, and a positive impact on neighborhood. The green rate has a positive effect on the satisfaction of residential environment and neighborhood. The impact of volumetric rate is complex. On this basis, the residential area density model based on residence satisfaction is proposed, and it is found that the residential area development of Caoyang New Village presents diachronic characteristics. After 2000, the dominant mode is high density and large house type, which is the result of pursuing development interests, and unfavorable to the continuous improvement of living satisfaction. The future residential planning should consider the feeling of living, attach importance to the social connotation of density, comprehensively understand and control the density index, consider the balance and coordination of multiple goals, and form diversified types of residential density.
关键词：住区密度；居住满意度；高层高密度；曹杨新村
Keyword: residential density; residence satisfaction; high-rise and high-density; Caoyang New Village
中图分类号：TU984
文献标识码: A
资金资助
国家自然科学基金项目 “基于低碳城市目标的住区模式选择研究——以上海曹杨新村为典型案例” 51178316
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