上海旧区更新改造的规划策略与机制研究
Study on the Planning Strategy and Mechanism of Urban Renewal in Shanghai
迟英楠
上海市规划和自然资源局 建筑工程管理处副处长，工程师，硕士
摘要: 上海旧区改造经历了“365危棚简屋改造”和“成片二级旧里以下房屋改造”两个阶段。近年来很多成片里弄被拆除，城市基底发生较大变化。梳理借鉴日本和中国香港、中国台湾等地区在城市更新的政策法规制定、机构设置和组织实施等方面的特色做法，为上海城市更新背景下的旧区改造中进一步保护传统历史文化风貌、完善公共服务设施、提升空间品质提供借鉴。同时，从制度梳理角度论述上海旧区改造的规划策略与机制应用。最后提出确立差异化更新目标、优化实施组织模式、完善规划工作思路与工作机制和建立地方法规体系等建议。
Abstract: The transformation of old districts in Shanghai has gone through two stages: the transformation of "365 dangerous sheds and simple houses" and the transformation of "two-level old houses and below". In recent years, the demolishment of vast stretches of historical lanes has changed the urban landscape. Based on the characteristic practices of Japan, Hong Kong (China) and Taiwan (China) in the formulation of policies and regulations, the establishment of institutions, and the organization and implementation, this paper provides references for protecting historical and cultural features and improving public service facilities in the reconstruction of old areas under the background of urban renewal. At the same time, this paper discusses the planning strategy and mechanism application from the perspective of system research. Finally, this paper puts forward four suggestions: establishing the objective of differentiated renewal, optimizing the implementation organization mode, improving the planning ideas and working mechanism, and establishing a local legal system.
关键词：留改拆；城市更新；地方特色；政策机制分析；民生改善
Keyword: reform and demolition; urban renewal; local characteristics; policy mechanism analysis; improvement of people's livelihood
中图分类号：TU984
文献标识码: A
阮仪三，丁枫. 上海历史文化名城保护的战略思考[J]. 上海城市规划，2006（2）：6-9.
RUAN Yisan, DING Feng. Some thoughts on the strategy of protecting the historical and cultural metropolis of Shanghai[J]. Shanghai Urban Planning Review, 2006(2): 6-9.
郑时龄. 上海的建筑文化遗产保护及其反思[J]. 建筑遗产，2016（1）：10-23.
ZHENG Shiling. Architectural heritage conservation in Shanghai and its reflection[J]. Architectural Heritage, 2016(1): 10-23.
张晨杰. 基于遗产角度的上海里弄建筑现状空间研究[J]. 城市规划学刊，2015（4）：111-118.
ZHANG Chenjie. A research of Shanghai Li-long spaces from a heritage perspective[J]. Urban Planning Forum, 2015(4): 111-118.
阿尔多•罗西. 城市建筑学[M]. 黄士钧，译. 北京：中国建筑工业出版社，2006.
ROSSI A. The architecture of the city[M]. HUANG Shijun, translate. Beijing: China Architecture & Building Press, 2006.
沈克宁. 重温类型学[J]. 建筑师，2006（6）：5-19.
SHEN Kening. Review typology[J]. Architect, 2006(6): 5-19.
周显坤. 城市更新区规划制度之研究[D]. 北京：清华大学，2017.
ZHOU Xiankun. Research on the planning institution of urban redevelopment district[D]. Beijing: Tsinghua University, 2017.
孔明亮，马嘉，杜春兰. 日本都市再生制度研究[J]. 中国园林，2018，34（8）：101-106.
KONG Mingliang, MA Jia, DU Chunlan. Study on the urban reconstruction system of Japanese cities[J]. Chinese Landscape Architecture, 2018, 34(8): 101-106.
于海漪，文华. 国家政策整合下日本的都市再生[J]. 城市环境设计，2016（8）：288-291.
YU Haiyi, WEN Hua. Urban regeneration in Japan: integrated by state-level policies[J]. Urban Environment Design, 2016(8): 288-291.
施媛. “连锁型”都市再生策略研究——以日本东京大手町开发案为例[J]. 国际城市规划，2018，33（4）：132-138.
SHI Yuan. Gearing type urban regeneration strategy: case on Otemachi development in Tokyo, Japan[J]. Urban Planning International, 2018, 33(4): 132-138.
张晓辉. 城市再生政策对城市综合开发的引导效果[J]. 建筑技艺，2015（11）：18-25.
ZHANG Xiaohui. Effect of urban regeneration policy on urban comprehensive development[J]. Architecture Technology & Design, 2015(11): 18-25.
张更立. 变革中的香港市区重建政策——新思维、新趋向及新挑战[J]. 城市规划，2005（6）：64-68.
ZHANG Gengli. Reforming urban renewal policy of Hong Kong: new thinking, new trends and new challenges[J]. City Planning Review, 2005(6): 64-68.
郭湘闽，李晨静，汤远洲. 高密度语境下的香港市区重建治理机制及其启示[J]. 城市发展研究，2019，26（9）：52-61.
GUO Xiangmin, LI Chenjing, TANG Yuanzhou. Study on urban renewal governance mechanism and its inspiration in Hong Kong under the high density context[J]. Urban Development Studies, 2019, 26(9): 52-61.
刘波. 我国台湾地区都市更新制度研究[D]. 郑州：郑州大学，2011.
LIU Bo. Study of urban renewal system in Taiwan[D]. Zhengzhou: Zhengzhou University, 2011.
金广君，戴锏. 台湾地区容积转移制度解析[J]. 国际城市规划，2010，25（4）：104-109.
JIN Guangjun, DAI Jian. Discussion on Taiwan transfer of development right institution[J]. Urban Planning International, 2010, 25(4): 104-109.
陈敦鹏. 香港市区重建历程、机制及其启示[C]//2011中国城市规划年会论文集. 南京：东南大学出版社，2011.
CHEN Dunpeng. The process, mechanism and enlightenment of urban renewal in Hong Kong[C]//Proceedings of Annual National Planning Conference 2011. Nanjing: Southeast University Press, 2011.
韩文超，吕传廷，周春山. 从政府主导到多元合作——1973年以来台北市城市更新机制演变[J]. 城市规划，2020，44（5）：97-103.
HAN Wenchao, LYU Chuanting, ZHOU Chunshan. From government-led to multifaceted cooperation: the evolution of Taipei's urban regeneration mechanisms since 1973[J]. City Planning Review, 2020, 44(5): 97-103.
蔡辉，高月静，余侃华. 创意文化视野下都市再生策略的探索与借鉴——以台北市都市再生前进基地计划为例[J]. 城市发展研究，2016，23（1）：97-104.
CAI Hui, GAO Yuejing, YU Kanhua. Research and reference about urban regeneration strategy under the creative cultural perspective: a case study of Taipei URS plan[J]. Urban Development Studies, 2016, 23(1): 97-104.
林坚，杨志威. 香港的旧城改造及其启示[J]. 城市规划，2000，24（7）：50-53.
LIN Jian, YANG Zhiwei. The urban renewal and the enlightenment in Hong Kong[J]. City Planning View, 2000, 24(7): 50-53.
