2023 Vol.1

Evaluation and Design of Urban Resilience

Assessment of Urban Resilience Based on the Perspective of "Form-Network-Function": A Case Study of the Central City of Shiyan

Abstract: In territorial spatial planning, assessing the impact of spatial characteristics of various elements on urban resilience can provide theoretical support for enhancing urban resilience effectively. Based on landscape ecology and complex network theory, a multi-dimensional urban resilience assessment framework and a quantitative method of "form-network-function" are proposed. By comparing the differences in the resilience levels of four land use scenarios in the central city of Shiyan, key spatial characteristics affecting the resilience level of the city are analyzed and corresponding planning countermeasures are proposed. It is found that the influence of each spatial indicator on the resilience level is a complex non-linear relationship, and the organization pattern and interaction between elements affect the resilience level of different scenarios. The research results suggest that urban spatial forms with high ecological connectivity, urban road networks with hierarchical structure systems, and multi-module synergistic public service function systems can effectively improve the level of urban resilience.

High-Temperature Disaster Resilience Evaluation and Promotion in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area

Abstract: Global climate change leads to frequent extreme heat events, which restrict cities' sustainable development. The concept of resilience is an important theory and strategy to deal with climate disasters, but it is rarely involved in the field of high-temperature disasters. Taking the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area as an example, this paper first constructs a conceptual framework and assessment system from three stages of pre-disaster, disaster time and post-disaster, which include physical, natural, economic, institutional and social dimensions. Secondly, maps of preparedness, resistance, recovery, adaptability and transformation, as well as high-temperature disaster resilience are drawn based on multi-source data sets using WRF, ArcGIS and AHP. Finally, the resilience improvement strategies are proposed to provide references for resilience research in the Greater Bay Area and other high-temperature risk areas.

Measurement of City Resilience under the Background of Climate Change: A Case Study of Cities in the Yangtze River Delta Responding to Stormwater

Abstract: This paper selects 27 prefecture-level and higher cities in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration for the urban resilience measurement research. Based on the theory of complex adaptive systems, urban resilience is described as generic and specific resilience and an index system of "rainfall flood hazard-urban resilience" is established. Through factor analysis, this paper evaluates the stormwater resilience of main cities in the Yangtze River Delta in two planning periods—the 12th and 13th Five-Year Plan. The results show that the stormwater resilience of cities in the Yangtze River Delta is mainly influenced by the urban development factor, social security and immigrant population factor, gray-blue infrastructure factor, transportation facility factor, and green infrastructure factor. By comparing the relationship between disaster-causing index and urban rainfall resilience index, this paper concludes four types of cities: 15 vulnerable cities, 6 high-risk cities, 6 low-risk cities, and resilient cities are missing. The research points out that the urbanization process and the improvement of social development capacity is an important basis for enhancing the generic and specific resilience of cities. Sponge city construction helps to improve specific resilience such as rainwater infrastructure. Cities in different resilience categories should adopt different adaptation paths such as developmental, incremental and transformational adaptation.

Community Resilience Assessment and Differentiated Improvement Strategies in Response to Public Health Emergencies: A Case Study of Four Old or New Communities in Wuhan

Abstract: Community resilience assessment in response to public health emergencies is a key element in strengthening the foundation of urban governance and resolving emergent risks. Firstly, based on a comprehensive literature review on community resilience, this paper develops a comprehensive assessment framework for assessing community resilience in response to public health emergencies in six dimensions: economic resilience, social resilience, facility resilience, institutional resilience, spatial resilience, and "community life circle support" resilience. Then, four typical communities in Wuhan City are selected as research objects to obtain relevant data based on field research, questionnaires and individual interviews, and the community resilience level is quantitatively assessed using hierarchical analysis, GIS network analysis and spatial sentence method. Finally, based on the assessment results, differentiated improvement strategies are proposed from two spatial levels including community living circle and community and two community types of new communities and old communities. The purpose of this paper is to construct a community resilience assessment framework responding to public health emergencies, explore the resilience characteristics of different types of communities, and propose differentiated resilience enhancement strategies, which are of great theoretical and practical significance for improving community disaster prevention and governance capacity and supporting resilient community construction.

Cognitive Framework and Planning Strategies for Community Living Resilience

Abstract: Surrounded by various disturbances, the construction of resilient communities is an important way to improve urban residents' life quality. From the perspective of daily life, the paper puts forward the concept of community living resilience and emphasizes the importance of maintaining or rapidly restoring residents' accessibility to various daily life services under multiple disturbances. In order to build a community with living resilience, we should move forward on the basis of ensuring the safety of residents' life and property and helping them realize their various daily life needs under disturbance phases. By analyzing the influence mechanism of disturbance on community residents' daily life, it is pointed out that the key to improving community living resilience is to maintain the service facilities' supply capacity as well as the connection system's connectivity capacity. Finally, on the basis of analyzing the interactive relationship between the core elements of community living resilience and external space, the planning strategies are proposed from three levels: overall planning, detailed planning and community planning, in order to provide references for promoting the construction of human-oriented resilient cities.

Resilience Mechanism and Design Response of Urban Waterfront

Abstract: The great pressure of climate change and floods on cities highlights the "resilience" of urban waterfront. By analyzing the underlying logic of resilience, this paper puts forward that the key is to understand the system threshold and the intrinsic resilience mechanism. By identifying elements and key variables of urban waterfront, this paper aims to recognize the mechanism of resilience, apply the resilience landscape design strategy to respond to key variables, and put forward the resilience design method and strategies, so as to construct the resilience landscape system for urban waterfront. This paper also extends thinking on the research scale, the determination and quantification of threshold, "specific resilience" and "universal resilience", and the understanding of adaptive cycle, which point out the direction for subsequent research. This paper is an exploration of resilience theory and design applications at small and medium scales.