安全视角下的城市空间格局演变特征探析*

Research on Evolution and Features of Urban Spatial Pattern from Safety Perspective

陈鸿
中国城市科学研究会 博士 城市科学规划设计研究院 城市发展与规划研究中心 主任

张翰卿
武汉大学城市设计学院 博士,副教授

韩青
中国城市规划协会 博士

摘要: 城市安全功能的动态需求与城市空间格局的静态特征应该是存在着某种关联的,城市安全意识可以说是推进城市空间格局演变的重要因素之一。从城市安全的视角,以防灾和防卫的两种功能需要为线索,将中外城市规划与建设的安全意识演变进程分为“自发避灾”时期、“自觉抗灾”时期和“自为耐灾”时期3个阶段,并分析总结其相应的城市空间格局特征。认为城市与灾害的关系经历了“顺应—对抗—相容”的过程,城市的人工空间与自然空间也由共生、脱离到再次协调,安全的城市空间格局模式则由单点封闭模式、圈层半开放模式再发展为多点开放模式。

Abstract: Some relation should exist between the dynamic needs of urban safety and the static features of Urban Spatial Pattern, and urban safety ideology is an main factor that can promote the evolution of Urban Spatial Pattern. The Urban Spatial Pattern changes in three history phases are pre-industry society, industry society and post-industry society. The features of these three history phases are discussed. The research shows that as the relation of city and hazard changed from disaster cancellation to disaster resistance, and then to disaster resilience, the relation of artificial space and natural space changed from matey to distant, and then to harmonious. Accordingly, the pattern of Urban Spatial Pattern changed from single center structure to concentric circles structure, and then to multi-center structure.

关键词:城市安全、城市空间格局、演变、特征

Keyword: Urban safety , Urban spatial pattern, Evolution, Features

中图分类号:TU981

文献标识码: A

资金资助

国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(项目准号:51008160)。

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