健康城市背景下大空间公共建筑的建筑设计防疫 预案探讨*——以大型体育馆建筑为例
Discussion on the Epidemic Prevention Plan for the Architectural Design of Large Space Public Buildings under the Background of Healthy City: A Case Study of the Large Stadium
龙 灏
重庆大学建筑城规学院 教授，博士生导师，建筑系系主任 重庆大学医疗与住居建筑研究所 所长 山地城镇建设与新技术教育部重点实验室 研究员
薛 珂
重庆大学建筑城规学院 博士研究生
摘要: 在2020年的新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19，以下简称“新冠肺炎”）疫情中，以利用体育馆为主的大空间公共建筑改造成
的临时医院为收治病人、阻断传播、抗击疫情做出了巨大的贡献。传染病医院、特别是烈性呼吸道传染病医院有着严格的
规范要求，若在原有设计中完全未考虑改造为传染病医院的可能性，则实际改造时必然遭遇各种困难；且由于建设仓促，
应急临时医院实际还存在医院感染隐患。在健康城市建设目标中，我国仍会新建大量体育馆建筑，结合“平战双轨”的思
想，部分未来新建的大型体育馆有必要在初始建设时即考虑应急改造为传染病医院的可能性。梳理大型体育馆改造为临
时传染病医院的相关因素，明确改造的原则，并提出可供参考的设计策略。
Abstract: During the epidemic caused by COVID-19 in 2020, the temporary hospitals transformed from large space public buildings have made
great contributions to the treatment of patients, the interdiction of transmission and the fight against the epidemic. Infectious disease
hospitals, especially those for severe respiratory infectious diseases, require strict and detailed specifications. In the original design of
large public buildings, if the possibility of transformation is not considered, there will be various troubles in the actual transformation,
and the temporary emergency hospital would still have the hidden danger of nosocomial infection. In the goal of the healthy city, Chinese
cities plan to build a large number of new stadiums in the future. Combining the thought of “consider both peacetime and wartime”, it
is necessary to take into account the possibility of transforming some of the new stadiums into infectious disease hospitals and reflect it
on the architectural design. This paper combs the rationality and contradiction of the transformation of the large stadiums into temporary
infectious disease hospitals, clarifies the principles of the transformation, and attempts to provide specific measures.
关键词：健康城市；体育馆；应急医院
Keyword: healthy city; stadium; emergency hospital
中图分类号：TU981
文献标识码: A
资金资助
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